Before painting, wallpapering or whitewashing, there is traditionally a need for leveling ceilings or walls. Here, people have two options: to use gypsum board or to turn to more traditional plaster. The first option is mounted very quickly and a weighty advantage in the issue of creating niches, ledges and multi-level ceilings . But at the same time, drywall significantly reduces the volume of the room, is afraid of shocks and has a short service life. What can I say about plaster. This method, although it takes a lot of time to install, but it will serve forever.
Today several types of plaster are offered, but the most inexpensive and widespread remains cement plaster. It is a powder mixture, the binding element of which is cement. Cement-based mixtures are used in all areas of repair, since their cost price is 2-3 times lower than similar materials.
Cement mixture for plaster
Depending on the proportions used in the plaster and the components of the mixture are divided into two types:
- Cement-sand mixture for plaster. The main ingredient is sand. Suitable for leveling of internal walls and facades, the withdrawal of the surface to zero. Not suitable for a room with high humidity. The cement consumption here is minimal, the proportion of 1: 5 is maintained, that is, the same ratio as for the masonry. The only difference is the consistency of the composition should be lighter.
- Cement-lime plaster. The main component is lime. The proportions of the suspension are as follows: 20 kg of lime, 280 kg of sand, 50 l of water, 25 kg of cement. This solution is used in rooms with high humidity (garages, kitchens, cellars, bathrooms), as the plaster does not lose its properties and does not crumble. Cement plaster with an admixture of lime is suitable for finishing cornices, socles and other surfaces where plaster on sand has a reduced adhesion to the wall.
These two types of plaster are the most commonly used with the original wall decoration in the house. Other analogues (gypsum, acrylic, silicone plaster) have a higher price and do not provide the necessary adhesion indicators. They are more suitable for decoration and finishing works.
Plaster of walls with cement mortar: rules
The composition based on cement has its own qualitative characteristics, but they are manifested only if the conditions of work are strictly observed. So, sand mixture should have a small granularity, otherwise the surface will be visible relief changes, and if too much water is added to the solution, the quality of shrinkage and the degree of adhesion to the wall will deteriorate. Experts identify a number of factors affecting the quality of plastering:
- At negative temperatures and wet weather, it is not recommended to work with the mixture;
- In drafts it is recommended to add 10 grams of shampoo to 10 liters of mixture (cracks will be removed);
- Avoid changes in the thickness of the layers on one wall;
- the second kneading should be done in the same ratio as the first, otherwise the joints will be visible and cracks will appear;
- ready cement mortar must survive, that all the excess air came out;
- due to too much cement content, the surface layer can give cracks due to shrinkage.
Experts argue that for large squares it is desirable to use plastering machines. They will provide an even layer of plaster on all walls in comparison with and increase the productivity of the application by 5 times. Particular attention should be paid to the cement plaster for the bathroom. Remember that further work on laying the tile can start 3 weeks after the last application of the mixture. It will take that much time to fully solidify.
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