Passed by the time when the planet was reigned ferns, their species amazed by the variety of forms of leaves and inhabited all the expanses of the planet, and now they form thickets mainly in damp and warm countries. For a modern gardener, the original plants are of decorative value and can perfectly decorate the interior.
Types of decorative fern
What distinguishes the ferns is that all their species have uncommon leaves, but the original pre-regions (vayi), which in the course of evolution have become flat. The second interesting quality is the ability to reproduce, both vegetatively and sporally, which makes these organisms ubiquitous creatures. High and herbaceous forms of plants are encountered, in forests of temperate climate they have mainly a short stem in the form of a rhizome completely in the ground. In a fertile environment, growing out above the ground, the vayas are capable of reaching enormous sizes.
Europeans are mainly interested in the decorative qualities of these ancient plants, so gradually people began to distinguish garden ferns, indoor species. They are able to perfectly decorate the site, to be a background for flowers, contrasting with the usual deciduous plantings. In tropical countries, powerful tree-like forms serve as a source of building material, and roots and shoots with a starchy core of some tribes are used for food.
Depending on the species, ferns are used to decorate the garden in various ways. Small species are planted in containers, creating from them mobile exotic gardens. Ampel forms have recently become more and more fashionable, so hanging baskets with Pellet or other tiny bush for this purpose will work fine. They can perfectly landscaped balconies, loggias, city windows, terraces.
In the gardens use ferns of any kind, which normally survive in this climate. Traditionally, they are planted next to boulders, used to equip Japanese gardens , decorate the park landscape in a natural style. Best ferns look near streams, on the banks of lakes or rivers. Bamboo, Japanese primrose, sedge, coniferous trees, irises, rhododendrons, forest species of bulbous plants can be planted next to them. The rhizomes of ferns quickly spread and squeeze the neighbors, it is recommended to limit their growth or to allocate spacious areas for the composition.
Fern davalia
Considering a variety of ferns, their kinds and names, most gardeners always pay attention to the davallia, which has original triangular wines. This plant can be instantly recognized by the characteristic air roots, which tightly weave pots, like the hairy legs of a funny animal. There are several interesting species of this fern with high decorative qualities:
- Dvalily is dense - the waii is triangular, densely pinnate, reaching a length of 50 cm and a width of 25 cm, the length of the petiole is up to 30 cm. The rhizome is thin, densely covered with scales of filiform form.
- Dahvalia Canary - incredibly decorative ferns with leaves up to 45 cm long. The canaries are straight, the roots are beige-brown, well pubescent, densely intertwining container with a plant.
- Dvallia pemphigus - interesting and beautiful ferns, canary and pemphigus species are similar in appearance, but the leaves of the last plant are slightly swollen and slightly shorter (up to 25 cm). Brown sporangia on the tops of the pre-hills are clearly visible.
- Davallia Marisa - the height of the bushes is up to 25 cm, the villi on the roots are light, suitable for indoor cultivation.
Fern Millipede
If you are trying to find winter hardy ferns, plant species for open ground, then planting on the site of the centipede will be the most optimal option. Leaves are leathery, 20 cm long, rhizome golden brown, creeping. The weirs are fastened on the leaves in two rows along the central thread. The centipede is an edible fern, which has sweet roots, used in folk medicine of many countries. Of them, essential oils are extracted and medicines are made.
Fern adianum
Among all the ferns, the adianum is considered the most delicate, often referred to in the people as the noble name "Venus of Hair", it is often used to decorate wedding bouquets. The only drawback of this type of ornamental plant is the rapid wilting after cutting. Ferns garden adiantum grow up to 60 cm tall, have creeping roots in black, platelets of vayi are pinnate, reach a length of 40 cm. The segments of the wai have an original ovoid shape, thin, wedge shaped at the base.
Fern pteris
Externally, pteris stands out sharply among the entire family of ferns, the other species and varieties can not boast such original cicatrized leaves of the pterygoid species and a rich color palette. There are forms of patterned, yellow-green, white-green, variegated. The most popular varieties of ptersis are:
- tape,
- long-leafed,
- trembling,
- high-cut,
- xiphoid.
Fern Grozdovnik
Its name is well-deserved because of the characteristic species of the sporiferous part of the shoot that grows from the root of the vai, and ends with a panicle, where ripening and waiting for their hour of controversy. This fern in the gardens is represented by species that are absolutely not afraid of the harsh climate, and inhabit many regions of Russia as a wild culture. The main varieties of sinker:
- lanceolate,
- Virginia,
- partitioned,
- semilunar,
- chamomile,
- plain,
- strong,
- northern,
- mountain,
- southern,
- groom of Jenman.
Fern leafer
This is another plant, which visually little resembles the usual ferns. Unusual appearance is given to the whole leaves of the lanceolate form up to half a meter in length and about 7 cm wide. The weights are attached from the opposite side in the form of transverse symmetrical bands of grayish color. In horticulture the following types of leaflets are used:
- fern leaflet ordinary (skolopendrovy),
- leaflet undulata - with wavy leaves,
- leafaty marginatum - with lobed wines,
- cristatum leaflet is a comb shape,
- leaflet crispa - with perforated leaves,
- leaflet Ramo Cristatum - chic shrubs with highly branched wavy leaves,
- Japanese leaf - shrubs with a wide rosette and leather lanceolate-strapped sheets up to 40cm long.
Pelley fern
Among all types of ferns, the description of this miniature plant with tender round leaves always causes genuine interest among the florists. It looks perfect when grown in the form of a potted plant because of its compact size and original leaves. In different countries, Pelley fern is called a button or button fern, the length of its shoots reaches 40 cm, but in the case of indoor cultivation, they are limited to 15 cm. For the house, several varieties of this unusual plant can be purchased:
- Peleya is dark purple,
- Peleya is green,
- Pellea is beautiful-dark,
- Pelley is naked.
Fern Common Fern
The original plant fern eagle is distinguished in the forest from other varieties easily. Its shoots grow from a horizontal rhizome not by bushes, but individually at a distance of 10 cm. The subterranean processes are deep and capable of experiencing severe fires. Distinctive feature of the eagle - it has in the ring stage bent in the form of a snail shoots. The lower part of them remains bare, and the top turns into chic leaves. Effectively look in the interior of colorful ferns - species of eagle with dark green, brown or even purple shoots.
Fernus asplenium
While studying the question of what kinds of ferns exist, you are sure to be interested in this plant. It has long (up to 75 cm) gently-green whole leaves with undulating curved edges. They look glossy and durable, but with careless handling they can instantly suffer from a little effort. In indoor floriculture, asplenium cultivated since the XIX century, was previously used in the treatment of the spleen. Popular varieties of asplenium:
- nesting,
- bulbous,
- antique.
Fern Ostrich
This kind of slightly resembles ostrich feathers, which open up to a meter and a half long as a decorative funnel. Creeping horses gradually give new offspring, forming over time dense thickets. In the natural environment, the garden fern garden fern can be found in Siberia, the Far East, and the Caucasus. He likes to grow in damp forests and floodplains of rivers. In the home gardens it should be planted in a shady area, in wet areas, near fences and decorative boulders.
Fern Shield
Rhizome in this species is short, cylindrical, with a thickness of 10 cm or more. It is covered with tubercles, which form the remains of petioles of old leaves. Above the fern shield man is adorned with a rosette with a powerful bundle of dark green leaves up to a meter in length. Snail-like young waiies grow and unfold during the summer. The scimitar is toxic, but it is used in medicine as a helminthic, cleansing, anesthetic. In the absence of experience, experimenting with the roots of this fern is dangerous.
Fern cleanness
There are different types of fern of the pure, the description of which is somewhat different. The royal (majestic) variety of plants in spring has reddish leaves up to 2 m long, further their color becomes light green, and by autumn golden. The Asian subspecies is characterized by red-meter leaves, which turn orange by September, creating original flaming areas in the forests. The fern species of Kayton's cleanliness is rare, the plant looks like an Asian subspecies, but the sporanga grows from the center of the bush, rather than growing separately.