Hyacinth - important rules for planting and care

A beautiful bulbous plant that pleases with flowering in spring is hyacinth. The flower spike can be either high or low. This flower culture has a huge color range. Grow the plant can be in the open ground, and at home.

Types of hyacinths

There are many varieties of this flower culture, but the following types of hyacinths are officially recognized:

1. Oriental. The most common variety, which is used as a basis for obtaining different hybrids. The flower-bud is thin, and the flowers are sparse. Color may be different, but it is worth noting a pleasant aroma.
2. Litvinov. This perennial plant, but most gardeners cultivate it as an annual. This variety of hyacinths can have both high and low stems. The color is dominated by blue and violet. This variety leaves are broader in comparison with hyacinth eastern.
3. The Transcaspian. This species is characterized by high stems and in most cases it has two peduncles. Color only one - light blue.

Cultivation of hyacinths in open ground

Choose an area for planting with a light and well drained soil. Be sure to dig out the selected area. Hyacinth, the cultivation and care of which is carried out outdoors, needs sun and warmth. The plot should be flat, the draft culture does not like drafts and wind, so consider this point too. To achieve a simultaneous flowering period, plant bulbs of the same size.

Planting hyacinths in autumn

In most cases, the landing is carried out in early autumn. Choose a better medium-sized bulb. There are a number of recommendations that should be considered:

1. To hyacinth in the garden took root, pre-hold the planting material in the fungicide solution.
2. The depth of planting should be 17 cm, if the diameter of the bulbs is 6 cm.
3. Between the rows should be a distance of 15 cm, and between the holes 20 cm.
4. Fill a layer of river sand 4 cm thick at the bottom of the furrow. Press the bulbs into it and sprinkle with sand and then with the soil.
5. At the end of the planting, be sure to plant the plantations.

Planting hyacinths in spring

This time for growing is not so popular and it has a number of characteristics. If you are interested, when to plant hyacinths and how to do it correctly, listen to the following tips:

1. A landing is carried out when the frosts have already fully receded.
2. Mandatory use of sand cocoon, as in planting in autumn.
3. To see the flowering this year, then an hour before planting, put the bulbs in the refrigerator.
4. The depth of planting is 15 cm, and the distance between the rows is 20 cm. If the bulbs have a diameter less than 5 cm, then it is possible to plant and thicken.
5. When cooling down the plantation, cover with peat or sawdust.

Hyacinth flower - top dressing

For good development the plant needs three additional fertilizing. You can make them in dry or liquid form. When choosing the second option, note that you do not need to use a large number of additives, and the ground before the procedure is recommended to water abundantly. It is important to know how to hyacinth and how to care for it so that the plant develops well:

1. The first time fertilizers are introduced at the very beginning of growth, while it is worth using a ready mix that contains nitrate and superphosphates.
2. The second time they feed the hyacinth during the bud formation, and the third, when the bloom completely ceases. Take a mixture of superphosphate and potassium sulfate.

Do I need to dig up hyacinths?

Many inexperienced gardeners leave the bulbs to winter in the ground, which leads to the fact that they die. It is important to know when hyacinths have faded, what next you need to do with them:

1. After the flowering is complete, cut off the arrow and be sure to do it on time so that the seeds do not become tied. Leaves must wilt by themselves. To speed up this process, reduce watering, but do not exclude it completely. Continue to apply fertilizers so that the bulb can regain its strength.
2. After 2-3 months. about the end of July, when the leaves dry up, you can dig a bulb. It must be dried and put in a box in the basement for the winter.

Reproduction of hyacinths

There are several ways how to multiply a plant:

1. Cutting the Donets. If damaged, the bulb stimulates cell growth, and soon "babies" are formed. Turn the onion bulb upside down, removing the old tissues, and make a sharp knife incision. It is necessary to cut out a full hole, similar to a funnel. Powder powder from activated carbon on top of it. In the box, pour the perlite and lay the prepared bulbs with a cut down. Cover with a bag and leave for 2-3 months.
2. Reproduction by leaves. Finding out how to grow hyacinths, you can not miss out on this unusual for bulbous plants way of reproduction. Use this method can be in the period of tying buds. From each plant, take two large sheets, which are located near the base. Divide them into several parts so that each is 5-6 cm in size. Treat them in heteroauxin and plant in sand (depth no more than 30 mm). Place the box in a plastic bag and place under diffuse light at a temperature of approximately 15 ° C. A month later, bulbs are formed, and after two more - roots.
3. Use of seeds. Flowering hyacinth with this method of reproduction can be seen only after 6-7 years. When the boxes turn yellow, they need to be collected, dried and wait until they open. Planting is carried out in autumn, when the soil is still warm. It is better to sow hyacinths in a greenhouse, the bottom of which must be sanded.

Hyacinth in a pot - home care

To see the flowering hyacinth at home, try to create conditions for the plant to the maximum close to the natural habitat. There are several recommendations that should be considered:

1. Hyacinth is a light-loving plant, so daylight is important to it. If there is enough summer and spring, it is recommended to create additional artificial lighting in the winter in the evening. It is important throughout the day to turn the pot to the sun, which is necessary for uniform growth and proper development. In poor lighting, the flower wilts.
2. For abundant hyacinth blossom, home care should include regular watering and top dressing.
3. Bad on the state of the plant can affect the rapid temperature changes and hot batteries. Comfortable indicators are 20-22 ° С.

Soil for the hyacinth

To the plant was pleased with the flowering and did not hurt, it is important to choose the right mix of soil. In nature, it prefers soils with low peat content, non-clayey and rich in sand. At home, hyacinth can be grown in a mixture for which it is necessary to mix leafy soil, humus, peat, turf and sand in equal proportions. At the bottom of the pot, drainage is mandatory, for example, expanded clay.

Plant hyacinth - planting in a pot

For growing a strong and beautiful flower, first choose a good planting material. Take bulbs, the diameter of which is at least 5 cm. They should also be dense and without damage. Before planting, be sure to treat them with a disinfectant solution. The hyacinth in the pot grows well, which is broad and shallow. It must necessarily have a drainage hole. Planting is carried out according to the following scheme:

1. At the bottom of the pot lay the drainage and pour a small layer of soil.
2. Place the bulb, but you can plant several pieces at once, so that in the end a beautiful bouquet is obtained. In the second case, place the bulbs so that there is a distance of 2-3 cm between them.
3. Gently squeeze them into the ground and fill in the remaining soil. Note that the bulbs should not be completely submerged in the soil and the top should remain in the air.
4. To hyacinth began, put the pot for 1,5-2,5 months. in a dark and cool place, for example, in the basement. The temperature should be in the repartition of 5-10 ° C. watch the state of the earth so that it does not dry out.
5. After the end of the allotted period, you need to create an artificial spring for the flower. To do this, put the pot in a bright room, where the temperature will be 10-15 ° C.
6. When the flowering period comes, make sure that the temperature does not rise above 20 ° C, there is good lighting and drafts are excluded.

Hyacinth Home - Features of Watering

Great importance for the successful breeding of plants is watering, which should be frequent and abundant. Especially it concerns the flowering period. Note that moisture should not stagnate, otherwise there will be fungal diseases. Hyacinth, cultivation and care for which should be done according to the rules, it is important to water so that moisture does not fall on the plant itself and buds. It is better to pour water in pallets or in the edge of the pot.

Cultivation of hyacinths - top dressing

Experienced gardeners say that it is necessary to apply fertilizers at least 2-3 times a month. There are some tips on this.

1. The first time they apply fertilizer after the hyacinths are transferred from a dark room to a bright place. Use the best phosphorus-containing additives.
2. For stimulation of peduncles, it is recommended to water the plant with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer.
3. For the third time, feeding is carried out, then the plant will cease to bloom. It is better to take a mixture for which potassium and superphosphate are combined in equal proportions.
4. After feeding the hyacinth, home care involves irrigation of the soil so that the fertilizer passes through all layers of the soil. After this, loosening is carried out.

Hyacinth - home care after flowering

To save the plant after it has blossomed, it is recommended that you follow a number of rules:

1. Remove the peduncles and continue to water and fertilize the flower until the leaves completely fade. Until then, the mother bulb will recover, and daughter bulbs may form.
2. If you are interested, when digging out the hyacinth after flowering, then after withering comes the right moment. Be sure to peel the bulb from the leaves and leave it on for 2-3 days to dry. If the children are well developed, then they can be separated, otherwise it is better to leave them until next year.
3. Since bulbs that have faded better not to be used for re-forcing, they should be transplanted to a garden plot. Do this in autumn and then the next year the plant will bloom again.
4. To further use the plant for domestic growing, then the flower can not be given a flowering and the buds have to be cut off so that the bulb can recover. In autumn it should be got, dried and can be planted in a pot.

Hyacinth - diseases and pests

With proper care, the plant is rarely attacked by pests and diseases, but occasionally problems do occur.

1. Gray rot. It is important to know what the hyacinth looks like, if such a disease occurs, so on all parts of the plant appear patches of yellow-gray color, which after a time become brown and moldy. For control and prevention during the growing season, the flower must be sprayed with Bordeaux liquid or with HOM preparations. Bulbs are etched in 0.2% solution of "Fundazol".
2. Wet rot. At such disease on bulbs there is a touch of pink color with a sharp smell. In addition, leaves turn yellow and roots rot. It is recommended to treat the planting material, as in gray rot.
3. Penicillosis. With such a disease, hyacinth grows poorly and blooms. Even on the bulbs appear patches of yellow-brown color with a greenish coating. Means of struggle are identical to the previous disease.
4. Root onion mite. If a pest is found in the bulb during the growing season, spray with the drug "Actellik" . Before storing it, it is recommended to process it with neuron.