Mycobacteria are able to multiply not only in the tissues of the lungs, but also in the entire body. If these microorganisms penetrate the bloodstream, miliary tuberculosis develops, which is characterized by damage to almost all organs in the body and severe intoxication. The disease often causes irreversible complications and even changes in the bone marrow.
Symptoms of miliary pulmonary tuberculosis
Given that mycobacterium tuberculosis colonizes various organs, the clinical manifestations of the pathology described are very vague. Among the signs:
- sharp weight loss;
- difficulty breathing;
- palpable weakness and drowsiness;
- increased body temperature;
- chills;
- dry cough ;
- anemia;
- cyanosis of fingers, lips.
It should be noted that a strong increase in temperature (up to 39-40 degrees) provokes only acute miliary tuberculosis in the first 2-3 days after the onset of the disease, later this index fluctuates at subfebrile values.
Sometimes a list of symptoms is added to the release of viscous sputum when coughing, shortness of breath, pleurisy, lymphadenitis, erosion or small lesions on the skin (miliary-ulcer tuberculosis).
The chronic form of the disease sometimes occurs without obvious signs or is taken by patients for another disease, which makes it difficult to provide timely assistance.
Micro- and macro preparation in the diagnosis of miliary pulmonary tuberculosis
To make an accurate diagnosis, the smears of the contents separated from the lungs are examined with the help of micro- and macro-preparations.
In the first case, tuberculosis granuloma is clearly visible, as well as multiple sclerosis of peribronchial tissues, interalveolar septa.
By means of the macro preparation it is possible to identify tuberculous foci, resembling millet, with a diameter of up to 0.2 mm. Are visible
How to treat miliary pulmonary tuberculosis?
For a full-fledged therapy requires a comprehensive approach, which, above all, includes taking antibiotics. Assign 4-5 strong antibacterial drugs, which allows you to destroy pathogenic microorganisms in all tissues and biological fluids. At the same time it is required to drink vitamins, minerals, immunostimulants , undergo special physiotherapy, perform respiratory gymnastics. The entire course of treatment takes about 1 year, the prognosis is favorable.