Varicose disease

Varicose disease is a pathology that affects people all over the world since ancient times, and in women the incidence is twice as high.

Features of varicose veins

It is associated with the defeat of the veins of the lower limbs, under which they undergo abnormal changes, namely:

• thinning of venous walls occurs;
• the diameter and length of the veins increase;
• aneurysm-like nodular extensions are formed.

As a result, blood circulation is disturbed, because of the dilated valves of the venous valves, there is a reverse flow of blood and venous congestion. Also, due to the stretching of the veins, the vessels feeding it are injured, which, in turn, causes a deficiency in nutrition and thinning of the muscle fibers of the lower limbs. Later, atrophy of muscles, skin and subcutaneous tissues occurs. The course of varicose veins of the lower extremities can be complicated by phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, chronic venous insufficiency, the formation of trophic ulcers.

The causes and signs of varicose leg disease

Violation of the normal operation of the valves of the veins with the emergence of reverse blood flow is initially facilitated by natural, genetically conditioned insufficient elasticity of the vascular fibers, which is joined by one or more of the following provoking factors:

• hormonal disorders;
• pregnancy;
• overweight ;
• professional activity related to long standing in a standing position, physical activity;
• malnutrition;
• bad habits;
• wearing tight underwear;
• leg injuries, etc.

Symptoms of varicose leg disease:

• heaviness in the legs and increased fatigue;
• pain in the region of the legs;
• swelling of lower legs;
• leg cramps (usually nocturnal);
• enlarged, protruding veins;
• cyanosis and dryness of the skin of the lower extremities.

Treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities

Thanks to modern methods of diagnostics with high accuracy, specialists can evaluate the operation of venous valves and the permeability of veins, measure their diameter, identify possible complications of varicose veins, etc. This also makes it possible to choose the most optimal method of treatment individually for each patient. Let's consider briefly the methods of treatment of this pathology:

1. Medication - is aimed at restoring the tone of the venous walls, reducing the pathological blood flow, restoring lymph drainage, eliminating the cosmetic defect, etc. The main drugs used are local and systemic angioprotectors and venotonic drugs.
2. Use of means of elastic compression (compression linen, stockings, elastic bandages) - allows to reduce uncomfortable sensations, to stop the progression of pathological changes.
3. Sclerotherapy is a minimally invasive method based on the introduction of a special drug into the vein by means of a needle, causing obliteration of the affected vessel. The method also prevents further progression of the disease.
4. Laser ablation is an outpatient procedure involving the laser beam on the inner surface of the vein and causing coagulation of its tissues. The method is often combined with sclerotherapy.
5. Radiofrequency ablation - in this case, a radiofrequency catheter is inserted into the vein through a puncture, and the affected vein is "brewed" due to the microwave effect. The manipulation under local anesthesia, under ultrasound control.
6. Microflebectomy - removal of the affected vein by means of special hooks inserted through small incisions on the skin.
7. Phlebectomy - is used in cases where the above methods are not effective. The operation is performed using a probe inserted into the lumen of the vein through the cutaneous incision. In this case, the affected area of ​​the vein is removed, the incisions are sutured.

Prevention of varicose veins

To avoid the development of the disease, especially for people at risk, it is recommended:

1. Do swimming, biking, skiing.
2. Avoid prolonged standing (it is better to walk).
3. Fight weight.
4. Healthy food.
5. Give up high heels, tight shoes and clothes.