Winter-resistant short almonds or beans, planting and care for which are carried out correctly, can be grown not only in the south, but also in the central strip of Russia. The plant will bloom beautifully and even bear fruit. With success it is cultivated also to the north - to Petersburg and Vologda, in a steppe and wood part of Siberia.
Plant bogovnik - description
Almond low refers to the family pink. In nature, it grows on the slopes of gullies, in hollows, on the banks of rivers and lakes. In the south in the Crimea the bush blossoms already while on the banks of the Neva snow still lies. The plant has not only a delicious aroma, decorative pink flowers, but also gives fruits - nuts, which have many useful properties. They are dried, used in cosmetology for the preparation of medicinal oil, as spices in different dishes. Bobovnik - short description:
- this is a nut-fruit deciduous shrub up to 1.5 m high;
- has erect reddish-gray branches;
- the bark on the trunk is brown or reddish-gray;
- root system is brittle, with fragile roots;
- the leaves are lanceolate, serrate at the edges, dense and leathery, pointed at the apex, 6-8 cm long;
- the color of the plate is dark green;
- flowers with copious large white or pink flowers 2-3 cm in diameter;
- fruits - round hairy stems.
How does the bean grow?
Low-growing almond - a beaver is a shrub with a spherical crown, in nature grows in groups. It is photophilous, drought-resistant, winter-hardy, low demand for soil, perfectly tolerates a haircut, gives root shoots. The beaver, landing and care of which is competently conducted, lives up to 80 years. The bush well tolerates smoke, it is used for decorative decoration of park areas in cities, planting hedges in private gardens. The culture is combined with other flowering plants - yellow forcing and white spiraea.
When is the bean flowered?
Garden almonds begin to blossom in April-early May, the bush pleases with bouquets of fragrant, delicate pink or white cornflowers. It lasts two to three weeks, depending on the weather, buds are actively visited by bees, culture is a good honey. Blossoming occurs simultaneously with tulips. Lancet elongated leaves bloom together with buds.
The flowering plant looks amazingly beautiful and looks like a cherry blossom - like a gently pink or snow-white cloud has fallen on its thin and fragile branches. During this period, the steppe almonds have a high decorativeness. Blossoming of the bobber ends with fruiting - there appear shaggy round-shaped knuckles, inside which is a nut, which ripens in June-July, from which you can grow a new tree.
Bovine - winter hardiness
The pink bean is a thermophilic tree-shrub, its temperature tolerance is limited to minus 25 ° С. The plant will better settle down in the area with not very frosty winters. In a harsh climate, it freezes, then departs, but blooms are no longer as beautiful and abundant as in the south. With a high snow cover and low planting, the root collar can die and the plant will die. Therefore, in the autumn, care in terms of watering should be reduced to make the bush stiff and prepare for frost. For the same purpose pinch green shoots. Culture does not like winds and drafts, it hibernates without shelter.
The beaver - species
Steppe almonds are low, under the name of a bean, has two main varieties:
- White-flowered (Albiflora) with milky corollas. Varieties:
- Anyuta, has flowers up to a diameter of 25 mm;
- Dream, tender corollas reach 25 mm across;
- Pink fog, has large bright crimson flowers up to 25 mm in size;
- Pink flamingos, decorated with terry buds with a diameter of 10 mm.
Bovine - growing
The almond bean is unpretentious, but planting and caring for it must be carried out under certain conditions. To grow it you need to find the right place. Sometimes he suffers from pereprevanyvaniya, planting a shrub is recommended on an elevated site. He prefers to bloom in sunny places, but can grow in the shade, lush bouquets are sensitive to drafts and wind. There is also a curving beaver, a deciduous ornamental tree ("golden rain") with bright yellow flowering brushes up to 50 cm long, beautifully hanging down. But it and almonds are two different plants.
Flower bogovnik - soil
Planting of almond-shaped low bean is performed on moderately fertile soils, the best are the mild, with abundant organic dressing. For a good drainage, a brick or crushed stone is used (the plant likes rocky land). Plant it in a nutritious loose mixture of leaf substrate, humus and sand in a concentration of 3: 2: 1 with the addition of lime. Acid, saline soils for the boughs for planting and care are not suitable. Also, it is not placed on a site with a high location of groundwater.
How to plant a beaver?
The best time for rooting almonds is early autumn until mid-October. Bobovnik - correct landing:
- Pits are dug depth of 30 cm at a distance of 3-5 m from each other;
- the rubble or broken brick is poured on the bottom;
- above is added a layer of sand;
- a long pole is driven into the center to support the seedling - a minimum of half a meter;
- the roots of the plant are placed in the clay popsicle of the density of sour cream;
- planting of seedlings in the pit is performed so that the root neck is above the ground level;
- the bush is covered with a prepared soil substrate;
- The soil is compacted, 10-15 liters of water are poured under the plant;
- the seedling is attached to the support, the circumferential circle is mulched with a layer of peat 5 cm thick.
If the bushes have to be planted in the spring, the pit for planting should still be cooked from autumn. It is laid drainage and fertile mixture, and in early March, the plant takes root. Almond needs cross-pollination, so it is recommended to plant several of its bushes at the same time. The plant is actively flying bees, the apiary's proximity will be very appropriate.
Boss Grafting
Almond-like flower bean is easy to grow from seeds at home. Seeds are put in water for two days, then planted in the ground. A month later, sprouts appear from them. Plant transplantation is performed annually until the age of three in March or after the almonds bloom. For a year, the branches rise 30-40 cm. Rooting into the open ground is made after the plant has grown.
If necessary, you can transplant and rooted in the garden plant. Manipulation is best done in autumn after falling leaves. In the new pit, you need to add a bucket of manure and a glass of organic fertilizer. Such top dressing will ensure better rooting and maturation of wood. The sapling can not be deepened, the bushes tolerate a transplant well and painlessly.
Bovine - reproduction
Breeding almonds is done in several ways:
- Root overgrowth. It is formed in large quantities after pruning the bush. Separate offspring is better for the second year, after they have formed a root system. The excavated shoots are transplanted to a permanent place, the care is carried out as for an annual seedling.
- Layers. Flexible shoots of almonds are bent to the ground and pinned with a metal device, sprinkled with soil. While the layers do not grow roots, around them you need to loosen the soil, moisten the soil, remove the weeds. After a year, the roots grow out of the layers, the seedling is separated from the mother plant and planted in a separate place.
- Green cuttings. For reproduction in the second half of July cut apical shoots up to 20 cm long with two nodes. Cuttings of the beaver are held in the greenhouse. Shoots are planted in a substrate from one part of sand and two from peat. Rooting occurs after 3-4 weeks. After planting cuttings with roots on the bed for growing.
- Budding. A well-developed almond shoot in spring or in August is planted on the plum, growing in the soil, plum, cherry, and tape. For the winter, the seedlings are covered by the soil in the place of grafting, in the spring, the fixing tape can be removed.
How to care for a beaver?
If you want to have a fragrant and beautifully flowering plant in the garden, you can use a beaver, planting and caring for it are not difficult. Culture deserved the attention of gardeners because of its unpretentiousness, resistance to diseases and pests. Almond lobster - planting and competent care in the open ground suggest:
- Introduction of feeding. In spring, the near-trunk circle is mulched with manure. During flowering, the bush is fertilized with 10 g of urea and 20 g of saltpeter diluted in a bucket of water. In autumn, 20 grams of potassium sulfate and double superphosphate are applied per square meter.
- Pruning. In spring, before the beginning of flowering, patients, broken, frostbitten, dry branches that thicken the crown are removed. After falling off the petals, forming pruning is carried out. After seven years, the bush needs care to remove old branches, they will be replaced by a new root shoot.
- Soil loosening and weeding. Regular maintenance is recommended - shallow tillage to a depth of 5-7 cm.
Flower lover - watering
Almond is a drought-resistant plant, but it fructifies better and blooms in conditions of good irrigation. Proper care for the beaver involves watering, after the soil under the barrel has dried to a depth of 1-1.5 cm. Then, under the bush, you need to pour a bucket of water. Overmoistening leads to decay of the roots. Culture, growing in sandy soil, will require more frequent irrigation.
Beaver - diseases and pests
Garden hordes, planting and care for which were carried out in violation of the agrotechnical norms, may suffer from pests and diseases. For example, when asked why the bean does not bloom, experienced gardeners give an unambiguous answer - the plant grows in a dense shadow or has frozen in the winter. As prevention from pests, almonds in the spring before the appearance of the kidneys are sprayed with a Bordeaux mixture . The most common diseases:
- rust, red spots appear on the leaf plate. In this case, spraying with colloidal sulfur is effective;
- gray rot , on leaves there is a fluffy coating - fungus. Affected areas are excised, the rest is treated with fungicides - Topaz, Champion, Oxihom;
- leaf roller - caterpillar. When lesions need treatment with insecticides - Aktellik, Calypso, Tagore;
- aphids, eats the juice of leaves. For treatment use infusions of wormwood, tansy, garlic or insecticide Antitlin;
- a spider mite , feeds on the juice of young shoots. Fight it with the help of acaricides Apollo, Akarin, Flumayt.