In case of untimely or incorrect therapy of acute otitis media, infectious inflammation spreads to nearby bone cavities. This complication is called mastoiditis - the characteristic, symptoms, treatment and prognosis of this pathology are studied by otolaryngologists. Despite the available effective methods of treating the disease, it is difficult to fight with it, especially in the late stages of development.
Characteristics of mastoiditis and its symptoms
Behind the auricle there is a mastoid process - a protrusion on the temporal cranial bone. It has a porous structure, consists of cells separated by thin partitions.
As a rule, mastoiditis occurs due to the spread of infection from the eardrum cavity to the mastoid process due to progressive otitis media. Less commonly described disease is primary and develops against the background of mechanical injuries and injuries.
Characteristic features:
- noise, ringing in the ears;
- high body temperature;
- sharp deterioration of health;
- swelling behind the ear;
- severe pain in the ear canal, head (covers one half of the lesion);
- hearing loss;
- suppuration from the ears;
- redness of the skin in the area of ​​inflammation.
Treatment of mastoiditis with drugs and folk remedies
The main drug therapy of the disease in question is the use of beta-lactam antibiotics with a wide range of effects, such as:
- Ceftibutene;
- Amoxicillin;
- Ceftriaxone ;
- Cefaclor;
- Ciprofloxacin;
- Cefixime;
- Cefotaxime;
- Cefuroxime and others.
Simultaneously, symptomatic treatment is prescribed:
- anesthetics with anti-inflammatory effect;
- antihistamines;
- immunomodulators;
- sorbents.
If there are no pronounced improvements in the next 24 hours from the beginning of conservative therapy, surgical intervention is performed. The doctor selects one of the following options for the procedure:
- myringotomy;
- introduction of tympanostomy tube;
- anthotomy (mastoidectomy).
Given the severity of the inflammatory process and its rapid progression, no folk recipes can be used.
Prognosis for mastoiditis
Timely qualified therapy allows you to quickly cope with the described disease and prevent the development of complications, so in most cases, the forecast is positive. Less severe consequences can occur:
- thrombosis of the sinuses of the medulla (solid);
- abscess Chitelli;
- labyrinthite ;
- subperiosteal abscess of the mastoid process;
- hearing impairment;
- meningitis;
- abscess of Bezold;
- defeat of the facial nerve;
- epidural abscess.