In acute gastroenteritis, the mucous membrane of the stomach and small intestine becomes inflamed. Rotavirus infection is the most common provoking factor for the emergence of acute viral gastroenteritis. The disease is transmitted by oral, fecal and domestic routes, the latter being the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis. In some cases, the disease affects even the mucous membrane of the oropharynx.
Symptoms of acute gastroenteritis
Symptoms of the disease include:
- nausea;
- vomiting;
- dizziness;
- acute pain in the stomach;
- bloating;
- admixture of mucus in waste of life;
- diarrhea;
- a decrease in appetite;
- weakness;
- drowsiness;
- fainting.
There are several stages of gastroenteritis:
- The first - mild is accompanied by nausea, discomfort in the stomach, sometimes diarrhea.
- The second - the average severity of the stage of the disease can lead to mild pain in the abdominal area, to bloating.
- The last stage or acute gastroenteritis is accompanied by sharp, often cutting pains in the abdomen, navel. In case you do not go to the doctor in time - it can become chronic.
Acute infectious gastroenteritis
Doctors say that infectious gastroenteritis is the number one enemy in the summer. The virus can be picked up on travels, trips to nature or on the beach. In such situations, the conditions do not always allow you to take enough care of both the quality and the cleanliness of the foods that you consume. "Apple directly from the tree" can be the cause of the disease.
Infectious gastroenteritis may result from non-compliance with basic hygiene rules. For example, unwashed hands, dirty vegetables and fruits. Even in water, which is fed from cranes in many countries (especially third world countries), there may be pathogens of acute gastroenteritis. The primary sources most often are intestinal bacteria, such as:
- staphylococci;
- in infants - pathogenic E. coli;
- salmonella ;
- different microorganisms.
Treatment of acute gastroenteritis
In order to determine the methods of treatment of the disease, you should first determine the stage of the disease. Gastroenteritis refers to rapidly developing diseases. The incubation period lasts (depending on the pathogen) from several hours to several days. Statistics show that, on average, it is 3-5 days.
Cope with acute gastroenteritis can, most importantly - is to adhere to the following recommendations:
- It is very important to drink as much liquid as possible.
- It is necessary to completely abandon nicotine, as well as from the use of alcohol, which dries the human body.
- Carefully monitor the amount of salt consumed.
- During treatment it is necessary to refrain from eating food (1-2 days).
- It is necessary to strictly follow the diet, no fatty, spicy food and other foods that would irritate the mucous membrane of the stomach.
- Recommended compliance with bed rest for the entire treatment period.
The following medicines proved to be the most effective in combating viral and infectious acute gastroenteritis:
- medicinal products with astringent effect;
- polyfermental medications such as Festal, Polizim and Abamin;
- adsorbents;
- rehydrants introduced by intravenous drip;
- vitamins and other means for raising the immunity;
- a new vaccine Rota Teq (fights the most common pathogens of gastroenteritis).
Despite the fact that acute gastroenteritis is a scourge of our time, it is possible to avoid the disease. It is necessary to adhere to the elementary rules of hygiene, to monitor the products used, to drink boiled or purified water and to strengthen immunity .