The epidermis of a healthy person is populated with a variety of bacteria that do not cause any damage with normally functioning immunity. If the body's defense system does not work well, microbes can provoke serious skin diseases.
Staphylococcus aureus - pathways of infection
This bacterium lives on the surface of the epidermis, mucous membranes, household items, medical equipment and even food products. In this case, not always dangerous Staphylococcus aureus - the reasons for its active reproduction and toxic effect on the skin consist in reducing the activity of immunity. A healthy person does not become infected by contact with a microbe.
Transmission routes of bacteria:
- air-drip;
- direct contact with the carrier;
- eating contaminated food or drinks;
- wounds, cuts, scratches;
- medical manipulation.
How does staphylococcus appear on the skin?
Infection with the described pathogenic microorganism has several similar manifestations. The way staphylococcus looks on the skin depends on the localization of bacterial inflammation, its intensity and the state of the human immune system. The introduction of microbes into the epidermal cover is always accompanied by:
- suppuration;
- swelling of nearby tissues;
- pain syndrome;
- hyperemia.
The main symptom that provokes staphylococcus rashes on the skin. They can have several forms:
- blisters (vesicles with exudate);
- pimples;
- furuncles ;
- extensive red spots (erysipelas);
- carbuncles;
- Panaritium ;
- phlegmon;
- pustules;
- abscesses and others.
Staphylococcus aureus on the face
Infection with this microbe in this area is accompanied by a rapidly spreading rash. Staphylococcus aureus on the skin of the face causes the appearance of a large number of acne. First, deep painful inflammations are formed, which look like bright red tubercles with marked swelling of surrounding tissues. The signs of staphylococcus rapidly progress, and in the center of such acne there is a white purulent "head". Over time, it turns yellow and opens, leaving a scar in the shape of the fossa in the site of inflammation.
Staphylococcus on the skin of the hands
The main symptom of bacterial infection in this area is panaritium. Inflammation affects the fingers and okolonogtevye platens, often a consequence of inaccurate manicure. Staphylococcus aureus on the skin of the hands is accompanied by the following symptoms:
- accumulation of pus in the dermal layer;
- marked reddening of inflamed tissue;
- strong pain;
- a feeling of twitching in the affected area;
- swelling and swelling of the skin;
- change the color of the nail.
Staphylococcus aureus
The most common variant of the course of infection is a purulent rash. It can form on any part of the body, but is more common in the upper half of the trunk (chest, back, stomach). Staphylococcus on the skin in this case looks like a cluster of deep red pimples with white "heads" in the center. When you click on such elements, you feel intense pain.
Skin staphylococcus on the body can have other forms. A more severe kind of inflammatory process is a furuncle (boil). It represents a severe suppuration of the sebaceous gland or hair follicle. In the center of the abscess there is a deep purulent stem. If it is not completely removed, the bacteria will penetrate into surrounding tissues and damage them.
Another type of staphylococcal infection is erysipelas. It is characterized by the following symptoms:
- the appearance on the skin of a large red spot;
- swelling of inflamed tissues;
- local increase in body temperature;
- painful sensations;
- small pinpoint hemorrhages in the lesion;
- Sometimes - the presence on the epidermis of translucent blisters with purulent mass.
Staphylococcus - diagnosis
The described bacterium provokes signs similar to infection with streptococcus. For the differentiation and development of the correct therapy scheme, an analysis is needed for Staphylococcus aureus. When diagnosing the following methods are used:
- coagulase test;
- scraping of the epidermis, and then sowing the resulting biological material on a nutrient medium;
- agglutination of Vidal;
- phage typing.
In the case of complicated infection with microbes and the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms into the deep layers of the dermis, additional tests are prescribed:
- blood;
- urine;
- feces;
- smears from the mucous membranes.
Than to treat a staphilococcus on a skin?
Bacterial infections are amenable to therapy only with the help of antibiotics, to which they are sensitive. Staphylococcus on the skin is eliminated mainly by local preparations in the form of ointments and creams. With extensive tissue damage and the detection of microbes in the blood, systemic remedies can also be prescribed. Sometimes surgical intervention is required when a staphylococcus aureus is found on the skin - surgical treatment is recommended in case of boils, carbuncles and phlegmon.
In parallel with the baseline immunostimulatory, antifungal and symptomatic therapy is performed:
- vitamins;
- lacto- and bifidobacteria;
- antimycotic;
- painkillers;
- anti-inflammatory.
Staphylococcus ointment on the skin
As local drugs, drugs with a wide range of antibacterial activity are selected. This helps prevent the development of a mixed infection. Staphylococcus on the face skin is better treated with creams, they are absorbed faster and less comedogenic. Effective antimicrobial agents:
- Supirocin;
- Bactroban ;
- Mupirocin;
- Bonderm;
- Fuzidine;
- Baneocin;
- Altargo;
- Gentamycin and others.
Staphylococcus preparations
Generalized lesions involve complex therapy, including internal medication. Systemic antibiotic from staphylococcus on the skin should be selected only by a specialist in accordance with the results of analyzes of biological material. It is dangerous to acquire and use antimicrobial drugs on its own, this is fraught with the development of superinfection. In such situations, staphylococcus appears on healthy skin, spreading over large areas of the epidermis.
Effective systemic antibiotics:
- Vancomycin;
- Amoxicillin ;
- Cefazolin;
- Cloxacillin;
- Cephalexin;
- Erythromycin;
- Oxacillin;
- Cefotaxime;
- Clarithromycin;
- Cephalothin;
- Clindamycin and others.
Treatment of staphylococcus with folk remedies
Alternative therapies are allowed to use only with the permission of the doctor. Some natural preparations help to eliminate staphylococcus on the skin - treatment with the help of folk recipes provides removal of purulent masses and quality disinfection of the damaged epidermis. The simplest option - applying to the rashes fresh and pre-mashed leaves of a burdock or napkin, impregnated with apple cider vinegar (2 tablespoons per 1 glass of water). Compresses should be changed every 4-5 hours.
Therapeutic bath from staphylococcus aureus
Ingredients:
- grass of a turn - 0,5 kg;
- water - 3 l;
- essential oil of tea tree - 10-20 drops.
Preparation, use :
- To boil water.
- Add in it a turn and reduce the intensity of the fire.
- Strain the solution for 15 minutes.
- Leave the product until completely cooled down under the lid.
- Strain the liquid, mix it with essential oil.
- Take a bath, add the medicine to the water.
- Lie down for 15 minutes.
- The skin gets soaked with a towel, not rinsing.