The woman's uterus is pear-shaped. Anatomically, it distinguishes the neck, body and bottom. When carrying out an echographic examination it is possible to establish its dimensions and position relative to the median plane. The size of the uterus in a nulliparous woman and a woman with children varies and varies within a width of 34 to 54 mm.
What is the M-Echo?
With ultrasound, the endometrium of the uterus is evaluated for its thickness, structure, and the condition of the endometrium is checked for the phase of the menstrual cycle. This value is usually indicated by the M-echo of the uterus. The thickness of the endometrial layer is usually taken as the maximum size of the anteroposterior M-echo value.
How does the M-echo value change?
- During the first two days of the menstrual cycle, the M-echo is visualized into structures of an inhomogeneous species with a reduced echogenicity. The thickness is 5-9 mm.
- Already on day 3-4, the M-echo has a thickness of 3-5 mm.
- On the 5th-7th day, a certain thickening of the M-echo occurs to 6-9 mm, which is associated with the course of the proliferation phase.
- The maximum value of M-echo is observed on the 18-23 day of the menstrual cycle.
From all of the above, we can conclude that the M-echo of the uterus does not have a constant value, but in the norm it is in the range of 0.3-2.1 cm.
A total of 4 degrees of the M-echo of the uterus, each of which corresponds to the state of the endometrium at the moment:
- Degree 0. It is observed in the proliferative phase, when the estrogen content in the body is small.
- Degree 1. Observed in the late follicular phase, when the glands enlarge and the endometrium thickens.
- Degree 2. Reflects the end of maturation of the follicle .
- Degree 3. Observed in the secretory phase, which is accompanied by an increase in the concentration of glycogen in the endometrial glands.
Middle M-echo
The middle M-echo of the uterus is an important indicator, which is the reflection of ultrasound waves from the walls of the uterine cavity and endometrium.
The median M-echo is defined as a homogeneous hyper-genic structure, which corresponds to the secretory phase of the cycle. This is explained by the increased content of glycogen in the endometrial glands, which occurs as a result of the action of progesterone.
Pregnancy
In order for a fertilized egg to be implanted normally, and pregnancy has come, it is necessary that the M-echo of the uterus be 12-14 mm. In the case where the M-echo is less important, the probability of pregnancy is small, but still its occurrence is possible, which is explained by the individuality of each organism.