Inflammation of the maxillary sinuses of the nose is an infectious disease, it is caused in most cases by bacteria (cocci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus) and much less often by fungi. With a chronic form, a combination of microorganisms is involved in the process. Sometimes the disease is allergic in nature.
Causes
Among the reasons that cause chronic sinusitis are:
- untreated acute form of sinusitis;
- individual predisposition due to a violation of the natural outflow of the sinus (for example, curvature of the septum, narrowness of the nasal passages);
- adenoid growths (in children);
- infection from carious upper canine teeth.
How is the disease?
Like any chronic disease, sinusitis has periods of exacerbation. The stage of remission is practically painless, and the exacerbation of chronic sinusitis is characterized by symptoms similar to acute form:
- difficulty breathing;
- decreased sense of smell;
- change voice timbre;
- pain in the sinuses;
- general fatigue;
- elevated temperature;
- secretion of mucus unpleasant odor.
How to identify chronic sinusitis?
Often the signs of chronic sinusitis have a weakly expressed character: the pain is not localized in the nose (the whole head hurts), the body temperature remains within normal limits. In any case, it is difficult to recognize the disease independently - in this the ENT doctor will help, and a visit to it should not be postponed. The doctor will prescribe a number of measures, which involves differential diagnosis of chronic sinusitis:
- Rhinoscopy (thorough examination of the nose);
- a smear (an analysis for the detection of microorganisms in the mucus);
- radiography of the sinuses of the nose.
On the basis of the data obtained, the doctor will determine in what form the chronic sinusitis and prescribe the appropriate treatment. The disease can affect one and both sinuses of the nose - in any case, the mucosa is characterized by persistent changes in the form of hyperplasia, cysts, polyps.
How to treat chronic sinusitis?
Traditional methods of treatment suggest the use of vasoconstrictors, removing edema of the sinus (drugs based on naphthyzin, xylometazoline). Often resort to the use of enzymes: trypsin, chymotrypsin.
After taking the smear, treatment of chronic sinusitis with antibiotics is prescribed (preparations based on ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime, cefadroxil, etc., depending on the microflora detected).
Sometimes treatment requires surgical intervention.
Supplement the treatment of chronic sinusitis with physical procedures:
- UHF;
- electrophoresis;
- diadynaphoresis;
- diadynamic currents;
- paraffin applications;
- inhalations, etc.
Non-traditional methods
There are many recipes, how to overcome sinusitis without resorting to tablets.
Among the medicinal products include:
- onions (you need to breathe on its juice);
- burdock and cabbage (leaves applied to the nose);
- butter (pieces with a pea to put in a nostril);
- bay leaves (make compresses from decoction);
- honey (add to all means for inhalation and washing).
When choosing a treatment with folk remedies, do not forget: chronic sinusitis gives consequences if you do not remove the inflammation in time and do not destroy the infection. Curative decoctions and compresses it is better to supplement the traditional medicine for chronic sinusitis, written out by a qualified doctor - then the risk of deterioration is minimal.