Labor education of young children is an activity that is aimed at developing general labor abilities, the formation of psychological readiness, a responsible attitude to work and the products of its production, as well as affecting the mental and physical development of the child. The problems of labor education are quite relevant for preschool children, since at this stage the child develops personal qualities, skills and aspirations for work.
Tasks of labor education of preschool children
- the development of respect for the work of adults and the desire to help;
- development of labor skills, their improvement and gradual increase in the content of work;
- the formation of positive personal qualities in children, such as striving for work, caring, responsibility, thrift;
- development of work organization skills;
- education of positive relationships in the process of work between children - the ability to work in a team, if necessary, provide assistance, favorably assess the work of peers and make respectful comments.
Tasks of labor education can be embodied in pre-school educational institutions (DOW) and in the family. The DOW plays an important role in the overall development of the child. It should be noted that the upbringing of children in kindergarten is carried out in accordance with a certain program. In the society of peers, it is easier for a child to compare his labor skills and results with the labor education of his comrades. Also, in the formation of the child's personality, high priority is given to family education. The main principle of labor education in the family is that the workload must correspond to the age and personal characteristics of the child. It is important for all family members to always be an example when doing any domestic things. Children like to imitate adults and feel great pride if they are entrusted with "real" affairs at home.
The work of preschool children can be divided into several types:
- self-service;
- household and domestic work;
- work on the care of plants and animals;
- manual labor.
Features of labor education of preschoolers
The peculiarities of the attitude to the labor activity of a child at an early age consist in the fact that he is more attracted by the labor process than the final result. Therefore, the relationship between work and play is important for the preschooler.
The main methods and techniques of labor education:
- help the child to determine the purpose of labor;
- Discuss what is the value of this work, why and for whom it is needed;
- teach you how to break work into stages of execution;
- demonstrate and explain how best to do so;
- To awaken and support in the course of the work an interest in the forthcoming case;
- Discuss what has already been done, and what else can be done to achieve a better result;
- encourage efforts, the interest of the child and the desire to cope with difficulties, achieving the stated goal;
- to check and evaluate together with the child the course and results of work;
- to involve the child in joint work, set an example of responsible attitude to the case, while helping with advice or business, if there were difficulties;
- to awaken the initiative of the child to independent decisions.
The main goal of the labor education of preschool children is the formation of the child's personality, as well as the correct attitude to work. Labor develops in the preschool child intelligence, observation, attention, concentration, memory, and also strengthens his physical strength and health.