The risk of perinatal damage to the central nervous system (PCNC) is probable in a child during intrauterine development and after birth until seven days of life.
What is the diagnosis of PCNC?
PCVC is observed in 10% of newborn babies born on time, and about 70% of the total number of diseases in premature infants.
Causes of PPNC in children
PCNC in a newborn can result from the presence of the following:
- fetal hypoxia;
- birth trauma;
- heredity;
- infectious diseases of the mother during pregnancy;
- decrease in the hemoglobin level in the blood of the mother in the process of bearing the child;
- pathology of the placenta.
The risk of PCNC is higher if there are predisposing factors:
- pelvic presentation of the fetus;
- Premature or premature delivery;
- large fruit (more than four kilograms).
PCNC in newborns: symptoms
In the case of the diagnosis of a newborn child, the child has the following signs of having a pts:
- change in muscle tone (hyper or hypotonic);
- motor anxiety;
- tremor of the chin and extremities;
- convulsions;
- impaired sensitivity;
- dyskinesia of the gastrointestinal tract (unstable stool, flatulence, regurgitation);
- change in heart rate;
- muffled sound of heart tones;
- change in the rhythm of breathing;
- increase the volume of the child's head more than one centimeter per week;
- uneven coloring of the skin of the child.
As a rule, by the year of the child, manifestations decrease or disappear completely. However, perinatal lesions can have long-term consequences:
- delay of mental, speech or motor development;
- cerebroasthenic syndrome (mood swings, motor anxiety, meteodependence, restless sleep);
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder .
PCNC in newborns: treatment
In an acute period, a newborn child enters the intensive care unit for complex treatment:
- hemostasis: intravenously administered dicycin, rutin and calcium preparations;
- dehydration therapy: use of diuretics;
- detoxication therapy: correction of metabolic processes by introducing 10% glucose solution, ascorbic acid;
- symptomatic therapy, including the elimination of seizures, the pathology of the respiratory and cardiovascular system.
The feeding of the child is carried out by means of a probe or by a breast in dependence of the severity of the course of the disease.
In the recovery period, the main task is to reduce the manifestations of the neurological symptom. Against seizures, a doctor can prescribe phenobarbital , radomor, finlepsin, with frequent regurgitation - motilium or cerucal, in the presence of motor disorders - alizin, galantamine, dibazol, proserin.
To reduce hemorrhages, the drug is prescribed lidazu. To restore the trophic processes of the brain, nootropic drugs are used: pyracetam, glutamic acid, cerebrolysin.
To stimulate general reactivity to a newborn child, a course of therapeutic massage and special gymnastics is conducted.
At the slightest suspicion of parents for the presence in the child of a perinatal lesion of the central nervous system, one should immediately seek advice from a neurologist for the selection of a comprehensive treatment. The sooner the treatment begins, the higher the probability of complete recovery of the child.
It should be remembered that the development of the child occurs individually, including the organization of brain activity. Such individual features of a newborn child in each specific case play an important role in the process of restoring the functions of higher nervous activity.