- Location: Papal Palace
- Opening: 1508
- The cost of the visit: adult - 16 euros, students, schoolchildren, pensioners - 8 euros
- Working hours: 8.45 - 16.45 (on Saturday until 13.45), Sunday - the day off
In the territory of modern Italy, inside the city of Rome is the Vatican - a dwarf state enclave. The history of the Vatican is surprising and inspiring, and the small size of the city has accommodated so many cultural, historical, architectural monuments that it is simply breathtaking. Let's talk about one of them.
The Creation of Raphael Santi
"Stanza" in translation from Italian - a room. Raphael's stanis are the four rooms of the Papal Palace in the Vatican , which, at various times, were fascinated by Rafael Santi, his mentor Perugino and their followers.
The walls and ceilings are painted with frescoes, the beauty of which surprises and delight the visitors of the palace. Each drawing is characterized by harmonious execution, realistic plot, detail, deep meaning. There is a legend according to which Pope Julius II, seeing the works of Raphael, came to delight and ordered to destroy the completed work of other artists. Henceforth, the young author was responsible for painting the papal chambers.
Stanza della Senyatura
The greatest popularity belongs to the first stanza, which was designed by Rafael Santi, it is called Stantsa della Senyatura. Work on the painting of the room lasted three years (from 1508 to 1511), despite a fairly young age, Santi managed to create a unique work of art. All frescoes of the first stanza are thematically united and touch upon an important topic of human activity in spiritual perfection and self-knowledge.
It is noteworthy that the name Stantsi della Senyatura is literally translated "sign, sign, seal." It was this room that served as the office in which the Pope signed documents. This fact became decisive when the question of renaming the chambers was under consideration.
The best work of this stanza, and all the work of Raphael, according to historians and art historians, is the fresco "Athenian School". It captures the dispute of the ancient Greek philosophers Aristotle and Plato, discussing the world of human ideas and the spiritual world. Also on this mural are other eminent philosophers, and even Rafael himself. The heroes of antiquity are externally similar to the heroes of the Middle Ages - this means a close relationship between the philosophy of Antiquity and medieval theology.
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Stantza d'Eliodoro
The next three years, Rafael dedicated the murals of the room, called the Stantz d'Eliodoro. The frescos of this room are united by the theme of God's protection, which is guarded by the Church.
The main fresco of the chamber is a painting depicting the Syrian military commander Eliodorus, who was expelled from the temple in Jerusalem by an angel-rider. The name of the protagonist served as the name of the stanzas. In the room there are two more murals dedicated to events that were not without the help of divine power. The painting "The Apostle Peter's Excommunication from the Dungeon" depicts a biblical story, according to which the angel helped to be released to the apostle imprisoned in prison. The remaining fresco "The Mass in Bolsena" tells about the miracle that occurred in 1263. During the service, the unbelieving clergyman took hold of the host - a cake, which is used during the sacrament of the sacrament, in his hands it began to bleed.
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Stanza Incendio di Borgo
The third stanza is the last, on which master Rafael himself worked. It is called Encendio di Borgo, in honor of the eponymous fresco, which is decorated with one of the walls of the room. The topic of the Incendio di Borgo is connected with a fire that enveloped the Borgo district, which is in close proximity to the Papal Palace of the Vatican. Tradition says that Pope Leo IV managed to stop the fire and save the believers by the power of the miraculous cross.
In general, the third stanza tells about the life and deeds of Pope Julius II and Pope Leo X. Work on the inscription of Encendio di Borgo lasted from 1514 to 1517 years. In 1520, Rafael passed away, and the completion of the work was done by some of his most talented students.
Stanza Constantine
The last of the four chambers of the papal palace is Stantsa Constantine. It is made according to the sketches of Raphael, but not by him, but by his disciples. Frescoes of the room tell of the struggle in the Roman Empire between the emperor and the pagans. The composition of the Stants consists of several plot pictures, the first of which is the fresco "The Vision of the Cross". According to legend, the Emperor Constantine, preparing for the decisive battle against Maxentius, saw in the sky a radiant cross with the inscription saying "Sim conquer".
Continues the composition of the painting depicting the battle of the Mulva Bridge and the rite of baptism according to Christian laws, which the lord concluded with the signature of "The Gift of Constantine." Tradition says that it was then that the emperor granted the popes a charter and at the same time unlimited power in the western part of the Great Roman Empire.
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Helpful information
Since the Raphael's stadts are part of the Vatican museums , then, to look at them, it is necessary to visit the museum complex. The entrance is allowed if there is a single entrance ticket, the cost of which for adults is 16 euros, for schoolchildren, students and pensioners it is exactly twice cheaper. The price of a ticket purchased via the Internet will be more expensive for 4 euros.
The Vatican Museum is open for visits every day, except Sundays. From Monday to Friday, the museum operates from 8:45 to 16:45, on Saturday from 8:45 to 13:45. It is important to know that visiting the museum in excessively open or beachwear is prohibited.
Getting there is easy enough, and several methods are available at once.
- If you go by subway, then you need to choose any of the trains line A and move to the stop Cipro-Musei Vaticani or Ottaviano-S. Pietro. Then walk for about 10 minutes.
- You can also take buses Nos. 32, 81, 982, following to Risorgimento Square. Then, as in the first case, you will have to walk a little. In addition, you can go by tram number 19, which not only takes you to the museum, but also drives through the city.