Adenosis of the breast is a common form of fibrocystic mastopathy , which is most often affected by women aged 30 to 40 years, which is the main distinguishing feature of this disease.
Adenosis of the Breast - Causes
The main cause of adenosis include hormonal disruptions , which occur periodically in the female body. And not necessarily they can be provoked by a violation of the endocrine system or other serious diseases. More often failures are caused by stressful situations, emotional shocks, a general weakening of the body's defenses. In addition, there are cases of adenosis in young girls aged 12-14 years - at the beginning of puberty and in the first trimester of pregnancy, which is also associated with hormonal changes.
Adenosis of the breast - symptoms
The disease is characterized by a change in myoepithelial tissue. Symptoms depend on the form of the disease. In most cases, there is a certain soreness of the breast on the eve of menstruation. Growth of the nipple and the appearance of excretions from it is not observed. Sometimes it is possible to attach elements of mammary adenosis to another type of mastopathy. In this case, it practically does not affect the overall clinical picture of the underlying ailment.
Sometimes, adenosis of the tumor type in the chest causes compaction in the form of a mobile node. The node consists of several parts, but sometimes it has the form of a disk. Normally, this neoplasm does not cause discomfort.
Adenosis of the Breast - classification
There are two main types of this disease:
- The neoplasm has a lobed structure. Each of the lobes is large enough and has a fibrous capsule. It can be described as a local adenosis of the breast, since the neoplasms are concentrated in one area.
- Neoplasms have no clear boundaries and shapes. Their uneven growth allows one to talk about diffuse adenosis of the breast.
There are also a number of different histological forms of adenosis. So, focal sclerosing adenosis of the mammary gland is a neoplasm including several ducts. The ducts in turn are lined from within with a cylindrical epithelium and surrounded by hyperplastic myoepithelium. Sclerosing adenosis of the breast is characterized by the symptom of a clear moving nodule. Also differentiate tubular, microglandular and adenomyoepithelial adenoses, the last two of which are extremely rare.
Diagnosis of adenosis of the breast
The main diagnostic method for determining the disease is mammography. It allows you to identify the focus of the disease, consider its shape and evaluate the clarity of the contour. Since adenosis often affects the milk ducts, it is important to exclude malignant formations. For this, additional studies are carried out: cytological, immunological, histological.
Adenosis of the breast - treatment
Each woman of childbearing age should, first of all, think about the prevention of this disease. TO
- preventive measures include:
- the first pregnant pregnancy;
- absence of abortions;
- breast-feeding for at least 6 months;
- Adequate contraception;
- prevention of endocrine and pelvic diseases;
- regular visit to the gynecologist.
If the disease is already detected, in most cases it is dispensed with without surgery. The choice of how to treat adenosis of the breast depends on the type and stage of the disease, the general condition and age of the patient. As a rule, sedatives, vitamin and hormone preparations are prescribed. Also recommendations are given on the correction of lifestyle and diet.