Arterial hypotension is a syndrome of low blood pressure. It is characterized by indicators of the level of the upper (systolic) pressure less than 100 mm Hg. and an upper (diastolic) pressure of less than 60 mm Hg. The severity of such a state is determined not only by the magnitude of the blood pressure, but also by the rate of its decrease.
Causes of arterial hypotension
Arterial hypotension occurs with various physiological, as well as pathological conditions. In 80% of cases this condition is the result of neurocirculatory dystonia . It, as a rule, develops because of stresses and very long psychotraumatic situations. Also the causes of arterial hypotension are:
- heart failure;
- chronic fatigue;
- osteochondrosis of cervical department;
- depression;
- constant lack of sleep;
- hypothyroidism;
- infectious diseases.
This kind of hypotension can also be a consequence of dehydration, trauma or anaphylactic shock .
Symptoms of arterial hypotension
The physiological form of such a condition most often does not give a person discomfort. But acute arterial hypotension always proceeds with oxygen starvation of the brain and because of this the patient is observed:
- dizziness;
- pallor of the skin;
- visual impairment.
In chronic type of disease, patients have severe weakness, headaches, apathy and memory impairment. With prolonged arterial hypotension, symptoms such as:
- excessive sweating;
- stomach ache;
- vomiting;
- labored breathing.
Treatment of arterial hypotension
Treatment of arterial hypotension is carried out with medicines of different groups:
- nootropic agents (Piracetam or Glycine);
- antidepressants;
- plant adaptogens (tincture of ginseng, magnolia vine or aralia);
- cerebroprotectors (Vinpocetine or Cinnarizine);
- antioxidants;
- vitamins.
In acute arterial hypotension, the patient is prescribed cardiotonics and vasoconstrictors (Dopamine or Mezaton), which help to rapidly increase and stabilize blood pressure.