Cheremsha (or Bear's onion) is a medicinal plant known since ancient times. Its leaves and bulbs are rich in vitamin C and A, essential oils, fructose, mineral salts, phytoncides. It has a bactericidal and anthelminthic effect, it is used to treat scurvy, intestinal infections and other diseases. Greens and bulbs of plants are used for food as spices, as stuffing in bakery products, as well as in kvass, marinate and salt.
Since wild garlic is listed in the Red Book, wild plants can not be collected, so it is grown on household plots.
How to grow a wild cherry from seeds, you will learn from this article.
Cheremsha - description of the plant
Cheremsha belongs to the onion family. After all, in essence it is wild garlic. It has elongated bulbs up to 1 cm thick, two elongated leaves 3-5 cm wide, a trihedral stem up to 50 cm high, which ends in a multicolored hemispherical umbrella.
The aerial part of the plant develops from autumn to spring and dies off by mid-summer. Bulbs under the earth live for several years. Cheremsha awakens in early spring, blooms in May and fructifies in June, then retire. Each bulb annually lays two daughters.
Planting wild garlic can be as seeds, and replacing bulbs.
Cultivation of wild garlic from seeds
It is best to sow the wild garlic for the winter, since the seeds need stratification within 80-100 days at a temperature of 0-3 ° C. Sown in the spring without this procedure will only grow in a year. For planting it is recommended to use the seeds of wild garlic harvested this year, since they have the best germination.
On humidified soil, shallow grooves are made (depth less than 1 cm), seeds are laid out in them, they are sprinkled with a thin layer of peat or humus and kept in a moistened state. Be sure to note the boundaries of the site. Since the bulbs in the first year have a thickness of 1 mm and a leaf height of up to 10 cm, then the shoots of wild garlic are easy to lose on the garden among the weeds, so some gardeners sow the seeds in boxes that are then buried on the site. Seedlings should be watered and gently weeded.
Only on the 3rd year of growing the plant reaches its normal size and can be transplanted. For the fourth year the seedlings will bloom.
Planting and caring for ramson
Cheremsha is a shade-loving and hygrophilous plant, but does not like waterlogging, as it grows in the forest under the trees in a natural environment. It is suitable for a plot in the shade of a fence or a house, under trees and bushes. When grown in the sun, the plant will have coarse and fine leaves.
The site is cleared of weeds, digested and fertilized by humus from the leaves of birch, hazel or elm (2 buckets per 1 sq. M.). In places with high water levels, drainage is necessary. Sour soils must be lime.
Planting bulb onions should be done during their dormancy, that is, in August-September or early spring. They dig out, carefully dismantled, so as not to damage the roots. Plant in rows through 20 cm between plants and 40 cm between rows. The bulb is placed at the same depth, the roots are straightened and covered with earth. Further watered and mulched with a layer of leaf humus to 7 cm.
Care for wild garlic is as follows:
- Weeding weeds;
- small loosening of the soil;
- regular watering while there are leaves;
- mulching with a thin layer of fallen leaves or leaf humus;
- in the absence of humus for feeding, you can use reparted manure (1:10) or bird droppings (1:20);
- protection from the larvae of the miner fly - pour the plants 1% solution of table salt at night, and in the morning, rinse with clean water from the watering can;
- protected from rust - sprayed with copper chloride solution (1 tablespoon diluted in 10 liters of water) from 1 tbsp. spoon of liquid soap. The treatment is repeated after 2 weeks. You can eat leaves only after 14 days, be sure to rinse them thoroughly.
Since the third year, a part of the leaves of plants can be harvested, but before flowering. You can make several beds and cut off the greens one by one in a year, letting others recover. After 6-7 years, the wild cheris are transplanted to a new place.
Growing wild garlic on your site, you will provide your family with this vitamin product in the spring.