The inflammatory process in the language that results from mechanical, thermal damage is called glossitis - the symptoms of this condition cause discomfort and even pain. In addition, the pathology may not be an independent phenomenon, but accompany various diseases of the oral cavity, gums and teeth.
Glossitis - Causes
There are a lot of factors provoking inflammation:
- smoking;
- constant use of excessively hot drinks and food;
- damage to the tongue with sharp edges of dentures, teeth or braces;
- virus lesions;
- infection;
- penetration of bacteria into the mucous membranes;
- allergy to oral care products (pastes, solutions, chewing gum);
- inadequate hygiene;
- unsuitable or old toothbrush;
- fungus;
- red flat lichen;
- dysbiosis;
- immunodeficiency states;
- syphilis;
- erythema;
- iron deficiency;
- beriberi .
Sometimes it is not possible to establish the cause of glossitis, which significantly complicates the subsequent treatment.
Disease of the tongue glossitis - species
Distinguish between acute and chronic form of the disease. The first arises abruptly, has brightly expressed symptomatology and is well treatable. The second type proceeds slowly with a sluggish inflammatory process. Most often accompanies a prolonged systematic poisoning of the body or mechanical damage to the oral cavity.
Disease of the tongue glossitis is also classified depending on the cause that caused its development, which determines the clinical picture of the condition.
Desquamative glossitis - symptoms
The considered form of pathology is also called "geographic language", as during the examination a white coating on the organ is seen, alternating with red spots and lines, which, according to outlines, resembles a picture on the globe.
This type of glossitis is not considered a disease, because it develops against the background of chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine or immune disorders.
Candidiasis - signs
Fungal infection of the tongue with microorganisms of the genus Candida is manifested as follows:
- white dense plaque;
- change in taste;
- mild pain during eating and drinking;
- an unpleasant aftertaste after sweets.
Glossite diamond-shaped - clinical characteristics
Thickening of the epithelium in the form of a rhombus lining the surface of the tongue near its root is the only sign of the described type of glossitis. It occurs against the background of gastritis of the stomach with a tendency to decreased acidity, therefore, in the first place, the root cause of the disease is treated.
How to recognize Gunther's glossitis?
Manifestations of this type of pathology are associated with a deficiency of folic acid and vitamin B12 in the body, as well as pernicious anemia due to a shortage of these substances.
Symptoms:
- atrophied papillae of the tongue;
- smooth, smooth surface with gloss;
- bright red color.
Deep glossitis of the tongue - symptoms
The most dangerous form of the disease caused by severe infectious, viral or bacterial damage. The inflammatory process is localized in the thickness of the tongue and eventually spreads into the pharynx, causing an abscess and suppuration.
The clinical picture is accompanied by acute pain when swallowing, swelling of the organ and surrounding tissues, a dense yellowish coating.
Disease of the tongue ulcerous glossitis - signs
For this type of disease are characterized by:
- dark, gray-black coating;
- presence of small wounds on the surface of the epithelium, which after a while turn into an erosive form;
- an unpleasant, putrid odor from the mouth;
- bleeding deep ulcers in the tongue, causing pain when swallowing, eating food.