Ampicillin is a semisynthetic antibiotic of bactericidal antibacterial action of a number of penicillins. The action of the active substance of the drug is directed to the destruction of the membrane of microbial cells, as well as the suppression of metabolic processes, that is, the synthesis between the shells of bacterial cells, which prevents them from multiplying and destroying the cells themselves. The effect of Ampicillin is disastrous for Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, also for intestinal infections.
The drug is acid-fast. This property does not allow the gastric juice to significantly affect the drug when ingested, the absorption is only 40%. Accumulation does not occur, the drug is excreted practically without biotransformation. Ampicillin is helpful in cases where other antibiotics can not cope with the infection.
Indications for use Ampicillin
Since Ampicillin has a wide spectrum of action, destroying many species of bacteria, it is used to treat a number of diseases in various body systems.
1. For infections of the respiratory system and ENT organs Ampicillin is prescribed for the treatment of such diseases:
- pharyngitis;
- tonsillitis;
- sinusitis;
- angina;
- scarlet fever;
- laryngitis;
- bronchitis;
- abscess of the lungs;
- pneumonia;
- bronchopneumonia;
- pleurisy;
- otitis media.
2. With diseases of the genitourinary system and kidney infection, this antibiotic helps with the following diseases caused by enterococcus, proteus, E. coli or mixed infection:
- pyelitis;
- pyelonephritis;
- urethritis;
- cystitis;
- gonorrhea;
- cervicitis.
3. For diseases of the bile-excreting (biliary) system Ampicillin is indicated for:
- cholecystitis;
- cholangitis.
4. Ampicillin is prescribed to pregnant women when a chlamydial infection is detected, if there is an intolerance to Erythromycin.
5. For infectious diseases of soft tissues and skin, such as:
- impetigo;
- face;
- dermatosis secondary stage of infection;
- purulent wounds.
6. In infections of the musculoskeletal system, which are characterized by such diseases:
- rheumatism;
- arthritis;
- osteomyelitis ;
- listeriosis;
- pasteurellosis.
7. When the gastrointestinal tract is affected by such diseases as:
- salmonellosis;
- salmonella;
- dysentery;
- typhoid fever;
- paratyphoid;
- peritonitis.
Also, Ampicillin is prescribed for such serious and dangerous diseases as meningitis, endocarditis, sepsis (septicemia or blood infection), odontogenic infections of the oral cavity.
Ampicillin in the treatment of strep throat
Angina is an acute inflammatory disease caused by a streptococcal group of bacteria. The most effective method of treatment of streptococcal angina is treatment with antibiotics of the penicillin series, in particular, Ampicillin for 10-14 days.
In this case, the development of infection is first inhibited, since the division and growth of bacteria is blocked, and then the disease quickly dies out as a result of the permanent destruction of the cell walls, the inability to restore them and the final death of pathogenic bacteria. Practice shows that relief comes on the second day of taking the medicine, and after 4-5 days the symptoms go away. In the treatment of streptococcal angina, the dose of Ampicillin for adults ranges from 0.25 to 0.5 grams. Take the drug 4 times a day.
Treatment of pneumonia with ampicillin
Pneumonia is known to be an infectious disease caused by pathogenic bacteria. It is necessary to treat pneumonia comprehensively, but the main means of "victory" over the disease are antibiotics. Ampicillin copes with this task well, that's why most often doctors prescribe it. Even better, if you use Ampicillin-sulbactam, since it has a more extended spectrum of action and destroys the strains of those bacteria that are resistant to normal Ampicillin. As a rule, with pneumonia, an antibiotic is prescribed intravenously for the quickest entry into the bloodstream.