Jaundice is a condition in which the skin, sclera and mucous membranes acquire a yellow tint. It arises because of excessive accumulation of bilirubin in the blood, as well as its deposition in the tissues. There are several types of jaundice depending on its pathogenesis. It can be hepatic, adrenal and adrenal.
Hepatic jaundice
The appearance of hepatic jaundice is caused by a violation of intrahepatic bilirubin metabolism. For such a state, a very bright icteric color of sclera, skin and serum is characteristic. There are types of jaundice developing in the liver:
- Enzymopathic - is a symptom of insufficient activity of enzymes, which are responsible for the metabolic processes of bilirubin).
- Cholestatic - this kind of jaundice occurs with chronic hepatitis, any toxic liver damage, benign recurrent cholestasis, primary biliary cirrhosis and hepatosis of pregnant women).
- Hepatic-cell - appears with hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, exposure to toxic substances, alcohol damage to the liver and the use of certain medications).
Disturbance of bilirubin metabolism in various types of renal jaundice can cause not only yellowing of the skin, but also nausea, frequent and loose stools, fever and pain in the hypochondrium.
Hemolytic jaundice
Hemolytic jaundice is caused by increased disintegration of red blood cells and a high level of bilirubin formation, which the liver is not able to completely excrete. Such a condition can be congenital or acquired. It is purchased with:
- anemia;
- hemoglobinopathy;
- a lung infarction ;
- lymphosarcoma.
Mechanical jaundice
This kind of jaundice, like mechanical, develops due to obturation of extrahepatic bile ducts. This prevents the normal flow of bile into the duodenum. This condition, as a rule, is a consequence of the presence in the bile ducts of stones, tumor or parasites.