A lot of diseases, which are practically impossible to cure without surgery, are connected with the female genital organs. One of these ailments is myoma, which is a tumor that forms inside the woman's uterus.
Surgical removal of uterine fibroids has several directions, and they are applied depending on the size and location of the myoma.
Despite the fact that the tumor is benign, in most cases, when the removal of uterine fibroids is urgently needed, a cavitary operation is simply inevitable.
How is the uterine myoma removed?
Myoma through the cavitary access is removed in two ways. When the size of the tumor is allowed, a laparotomic myomectomy operation is performed. Most often, such an operation is done for women who need to keep the uterus.
Separate myomatic nodes are removed by the doctor manually, then the uterine wall is sewed. With cavitary access, the surgeon has the opportunity to impose qualitative sutures, which in the future gives the woman the opportunity to normally tolerate pregnancy.
This is a full-fledged operation that has all the same surgical risks as any other cavitary interventions. And also requires a long postoperative recovery period after removal of fibroids.
The second type of surgery, when the tumor has reached irreparable dimensions, is a hysterectomy. This type of surgery is used when it is necessary to remove the myoma together with the uterus.
Typically, patients need hysterectomy, in which the tumor develops very rapidly, or by the time of the doctor's appointment it has already reached a critical size. Of course, this is the most unfavorable option, after which a woman forever loses the opportunity to become a mother. In addition, the removal of the uterus is fraught with various hormonal disorders and an early menopause. To this operation, as a rule, resorted, when the risk of degeneration of myoma into a malignant tumor is great.
If the fibroid was removed along with the uterus, then some postoperative time a woman should wear a special bandage.
Other methods of uterine myoma removal
Surgical treatment of uterine fibroids is not limited to cavitary operations. Intervention can occur in more gentle ways, when the tumor is not very large and you can do without removing the uterus itself.
- Laparoscopic myomectomy . The removal of myoma is carried out through a small incision on the abdomen, where the organs become available for the operation by means of a tube with gas introduced through the hole,
which frees internal organs by "inflating" the abdominal wall. After this operation, recovery is faster than after hysterectomy or laparotomy. - Embolization of uterine arteries . One of the uterine arteries introduces a special solution that inhibits the natural blood supply in the area of tumor formation. The tumor stops eating and dies.
- FUS-ablation . This operation to remove fibroids of the uterus is carried out with the help of sound waves, which completely avoids surgical intervention.