Everyone knows what consequences can lead to poor permeability of the fallopian tubes: this is tubal pregnancy, and even infertility. Therefore, there is no doubt about the need for timely diagnosis. But how to check the patency of the fallopian tubes, they do not know everything.
Let us dwell on salpingography (it's also hysterosalpingography ), as among the ways of checking the patency of the fallopian tubes is the main method. The method allows to diagnose a large number of diseases: tuberculosis of the fallopian tubes, narrowing of the tubes due to adhesions or chronic inflammatory process, tumors and congenital anomalies. Unlike laparoscopy of the fallopian tubes, the method is less traumatic and less expensive.
Preparation for inspection of fallopian tubes for patency
As with any other diagnostic intervention, special training is needed to study the patency of the fallopian tubes:
- When planning the procedure, it is necessary to take blood tests, urine tests, a swab of vaginal discharge, a blood test for syphilis, hepatitis, AIDS. And all because the direct contraindication to inspection of fallopian tubes for patency is infectious and inflammatory processes, which can be identified with these simple methods.
- Since the last menstruation before the proposed study, sex is prohibited.
- To study the pathological changes in the fallopian tubes, the method is best performed after the onset of ovulation.
- In day of procedure to remove superfluous hair on external genitals.
- Before the procedure, the bladder should be emptied and, if there was no stool, then make a cleansing enema. This is a very important point, since a crowded bladder and intestine can interfere with visualization of the main structures of the internal genital organs and distort the image in the pictures, which makes diagnosis difficult.
The procedure is relatively safe. Perhaps, it seems to you that receiving X-ray exposure will negatively affect your health. But one should not worry, the dose of irradiation is insignificant and will not bring much harm.
Stages of research
Let's look in more detail, as the patency of the fallopian tubes is determined by the method of salpingography. So, the process begins with a standard gynecological examination using mirrors. It is noteworthy that the examination is carried out on a special X-ray chair. Then carry out the following manipulations:
- a rubber tip is inserted into the cervical canal, through which a thin tube (canula) will pass;
- remove the mirrors from the vagina and direct the rays of the X-ray apparatus to the pubic region;
- First, a small amount of contrast medium is injected and the first image is taken on which the relief of the uterine cavity is displayed;
- In addition, another contrast medium is added, which further fills the uterine cavity and spreads into the tubes, with signs of occlusion of the uterine tubes clearly visible (the contrast is spread by a thin band or does not pass any further);
- if necessary, add more contrast.
At the same time, images are obtained on which one can clearly see how the contrast spreads through the uterus, the uterine tubes and leaves the abdominal cavity. Less often, instead of contrast, air is introduced, in the future the essence of the method is no different. This is a good solution for those who have allergic reactions to a contrast agent.
Hydro sonography in the diagnosis of patency of the fallopian tubes
Less valuable in terms of diagnosis method, how to know the patency of the fallopian tubes, is ultrasound or hydro sonography. Undoubted advantage is absolute safety and absence of contraindications. In addition, instead of a contrast medium, a normal saline solution is used, which makes the procedure hypoallergenic.
Rehabilitation treatment
The procedure for restoring the patency of the fallopian tubes can be carried out by the following methods:
- Recanalization of pipes under the control of an X-ray machine;
- laparoscopic lumen restoration;
- Fertiloscopy - the essence of the method is similar to laparoscopy, only the necessary tools are inserted through the posterior vaginal fornix;
- earlier hydroturbation was used, but recently it was abandoned because of its painfulness and the availability of more acceptable alternative methods.
Unfortunately, the effect of restorative procedures in the obstruction of the fallopian tubes is short-lived, and there is no guarantee for a complete cure.