At the present time, a lot of couples are faced with such a terrible diagnosis as infertility. And for them, it seems, the appearance of a child in the world is the most cherished dream. Many couples decide to perform the procedure of in vitro fertilization .
What is ECO?
The IVF procedure is an assisted reproductive technology. The complexity of this procedure is that the probability of developing a pregnancy on the first attempt is only about 40%. Therefore, the number of attempts can be 2 and 3, which often affects the psyche of a woman. If everything happened successfully, and the fertilized several eggs have taken root, the question arises: can a woman want to take out all the embryos that have survived?
Very often it is necessary to resort to the procedure of abortion of some embryos. For the reason that the onset of multiple pregnancies can lead to many complications, such as premature birth, stillbirth, low birth weight, infant mortality and various congenital pathologies (cerebral palsy).
Preparation
The main issues facing couples in preparing for IVF are:
- what documents are required for recording IVF;
- what tests are done before IVF.
As mentioned above, not always after this procedure comes pregnancy. To conduct a free IVF procedure, a woman should be provided with:
- copies of spouses' passports (the age of a woman is from 22 to 38 years);
- a certificate stating whether a psychiatrist and an expert in narcology do not have a record;
- certificate from the therapist;
- a copy of the marriage certificate;
- a document that confirms the absence of common children;
- application for a benefit;
- a certificate from the medical genetic center (analyzes, an extract from the medical history);
- certificate of income of the family.
Before a woman is undergoing IVF, she undergoes the following types of examination:
- Ultrasound of the uterus and appendages ;
- complete screening for STIs;
- blood test for hormones;
- blood test for cytomegalovirus, herpes virus, chlamydia, rubella;
- colposcopy;
- blood on the group and Rh factor, anti-erythrocyte antibodies;
- Ultrasound of the thyroid and mammary glands.
Before the woman undergoes IVF, she undergoes special training, in which a very important role is played by psychological support from relatives and close people, since it is possible that pregnancy will not occur the first time. It is also necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle, eat right, exclude smoking and alcohol in any form, avoid hypothermia and overheating whenever possible.
Stages of IVF
Many women, for the first time hearing the abbreviation "ECO", ask only one question: "What does this mean and how does it happen?". IVF procedure, like any complicated manipulation, is carried out in several consecutive stages:
- Stimulation of "superovulation" with hormonal drugs. The goal is to prepare the endometrium for implantation of the embryo and to obtain not only one but a lot of eggs suitable for fertilization.
- Puncture of the ovaries, in order to extract mature follicles.
This procedure is carried out through the vagina under ultrasound control. The extracted eggs are placed on a nutrient medium. - Eggs and sperm are placed in a test tube, where this long-awaited conception takes place. Usually in vitro embryos are up to 5 days, then after careful selection they are ready for implantation into the uterus.
- Transfer of embryos. This procedure is absolutely painless. With the help of a thin catheter, embryos are inserted into the uterine cavity.
- Diagnosis of pregnancy. Usually performed 2 weeks after embryo transfer.