As you know, during childbirth the birth canal of a pregnant woman considerably expands and stretches, which often leads to their trauma. In most cases, such damage is insignificant, which can not be said about primigravid women.
It is at them during childbirth there are various injuries, which are primarily associated with tissue ruptures. The totality of all injuries and injuries that occur during the birth process as a result of obstetrician actions is called obstetric trauma.
Features
The problem of obstetrical trauma of the mother and fetus is quite common. That's why it's been tackled for more than a decade now. Despite the fact that the technique of carrying out the birth process undergoes constant improvements, the frequency of obstetric injuries is of the order of 10-39% of the total number of births. Often, adverse long-term consequences have a strong impact on both the reproductive and sexual functions of the female body.
Classification
According to the classification proposed by WHO, obstetric trauma includes:
- trauma of the perineum and vaginal walls;
- trauma of varicose veins of the vulva and vagina separately;
- hematoma of the vagina and external genitalia;
- uterine ruptures;
- damage to bones and pelvic articulations;
- eversion of the uterus.
In addition, any birth trauma in turn is differentiated into:
- arising during normally ongoing childbirth;
- spontaneous;
- obstetrical (classification is discussed above).
Separately, obstetric fetal injuries are identified. An example is the dislocation of the limbs, which are often observed with rapid delivery .
Prevention
Today, the prevention of obstetric trauma is given great attention. To reduce the likelihood of birth injuries, midwives constantly conduct courses aimed at improving the professional level. In addition, a considerable responsibility for the occurrence of birth trauma lies on the very parturient woman. That is why, with each before giving birth, a conversation is held about how to behave during the birth process and how to push right.
In a complex, these measures reduce the possibility of birth trauma . Therefore, the complete exclusion of obstetric injuries from medical gynecological practice is only a matter of the near future.