Everyone knows that a person's life and work proceed in a certain period of time. Labor is a public, useful activity, which is the most diverse. But work in any case should not take almost the whole life. Therefore, types of working time were created.
Working time in labor law or in its basis is called part of the calendar time. Employee who is observing the rules, is obliged to perform his duties in the organization or in any other enterprise where there are internal rules of the labor schedule.
What is the time at work measured?
The working time of employees, its duration, is determined by the state. This time depends on how much the given state is developed. Its economic and political factors also affect the types of labor time.
Working time is measured - a day, a shift and a working week.
Types of working hours fall into categories:
- Normal working hours for employees do not exceed 40 hours per week. Normal duration is the most common type of work activity. Workers working at harmful enterprises have a working day not exceeding 36 hours per week.
- The reduced duration is set for persons under 18 years of age. For those who study in industry. For teachers and employees in educational institutions. For disabled people who have 1 and 2 disability groups who have a medical certificate authorizing them to engage in work activities. Women who work in rural areas. Also, the types of time are reduced when working at night.
- Different options for part-time work are established for:
- people who conclude a contract with the employer and their payment depends on the output;
- pregnant women (on request);
- women with children under the age of 14 (up to 16 years old the child with a disability);
- employees who care for sick people (members of their families or for a sick person under the contract).
- Types of work time for an employee the established shorter working day does not restrict his labor rights. He is given holidays and weekends. The annual full leave and the period of reduced work activity are fully included in the length of service.
The working shift is established by the institution with the shift work schedule. The duration and alternation of working shifts are taken into account. At enterprises where the presence of workers is required for a long time in the workplace, organize for shift work. For this mode of operation it is not possible to observe the duration of daily working hours. The administration summarizes and introduces. Another administration of the institution applies a flexible work schedule, which means finding workers in the workplace at a time convenient for the employee (the beginning and end of the working day). The worked hours are strictly fixed in the accounting period (weeks, working days, months, etc.).
How to measure a working day?
The working day is the time of the employee who works during the day, but has one hour break for lunch. Establishment for lunch
The employee during the working day, his work shift is obliged to stay at his workplace and perform duties in accordance with a collective or labor contract.
The working week is usually five days and two days off - the most common kind. The duration of a daily five-day workweek is established by a schedule of shifts or labor regulations.