Premature detachment of a normally located placenta

This phenomenon, like premature detachment of a normally located placenta, occurs quite often. According to statistics, a similar situation is fixed in about 0.3-0.4% of all births.

What are the types of placental abruption?

There are several types of premature placental abruption. This is partial and complete. As it is clear from the name, at the first type there is an exfoliation of only a site of a children's place, at the second - the placenta is rejected completely. In this case, the partial form of the detachment, in turn, is subdivided into 2 more types: marginal and central.

What are the causes of placental abruption?

The causes of premature placental abruption are quite numerous. That is why, in most cases, it is very difficult to establish precisely the one that led to the development of the violation.

However, among the causes of premature detachment of the placenta in pregnant women, there are usually several aggravating factors. First of all, it is:

• vascular disorders (vasculopathy, angiopathy);
• violations of hemostasis (thrombophilia);
• mechanical factor of placenta damage resulting from trauma;
• allergic reaction to blood transfusion (blood transfusion).

What are the main signs of premature placental abruption?

In order to timely diagnose premature detachment of the placenta, you need to know the symptoms pointing to it. So, the following symptoms testify to this violation:

• bleeding;
• sharp pain in the lower abdomen;
• increase in the tone of the uterus (the stomach becomes firm and elastic);
• development of fetal hypoxia (determined by CTG).

Bleeding develops, as a rule, only with an abruption of the placenta. At the same time, the color of the blood is bright red. In such cases, the condition of a woman deteriorates sharply and is determined by the amount of blood loss.

With a central detachment, internal bleeding occurs. In this case, the blood does not exude outside and a retropacental hematoma is formed. Such a violation is accompanied by the development of pain shock.

How is treatment carried out?

Such a condition as premature detachment of the placenta requires constant monitoring of the pregnant woman, so a woman must be hospitalized. If the detachment area is large and hypoxia of the fetus is observed, then measures are taken to stimulate the birth process. In early terms, if such a violation occurs, the probability of fetal death is high, i.e. spontaneous abortion occurs.