Stenosis of larynx in children

Stenosing laryngotracheitis or, in other words, stenosis of the larynx is a dangerous disease in children, which even today takes many children's lives. This is because most parents are lost and do not know what to do when the child begins an attack. Thus they lose valuable time, and the child's condition deteriorates sharply. In this article, we will understand how to recognize stenosis of the larynx in children and provide first aid.

Stenosis of the larynx is a narrowing of the laryngeal lumen, leading to a rapidly progressive suffocation. This is due to muscle spasm, edema of the gingival space, or congestion of mucus and sputum. Usually, the disease occurs in young children (1-3 years).

Symptoms of stenosis of the larynx in children

Initially, it seems that the child has ARVI. But within two days there is a high fever, a hoarse voice and a rough "barking" cough. Seizures most often occur at night. The baby begins to breathe heavily and "noisily". The main difficulty is inhaling. The kid becomes restless, frightened and constantly cries. The skin turns pale and becomes bluish. This is the first sign that the body lacks oxygen.

The causes of stenosis of the larynx in children, as a rule, are various rotovirus infections, but allergies and foreign bodies in the larynx can also become. There is also cicatricial stenosis of the larynx, it arises from injuries of the larynx (surgical injuries, chemical burns).

Degrees of stenosis of the larynx

There are four degrees of acute stenosis of the larynx.

1. At the first stage (stage of compensation), there is a change in the voice, the appearance of a "barking" cough. At the same time, there are no symptoms of lack of oxygen. At rest, breathing is even.
2. In the second stage or the stage of incomplete compensation, the pallor of the skin is observed, which indicates a lack of breathing. On inhalation, the wings of the nose swell. The child is alarmed and often frightened.
3. In the stage of decompensation, the child's condition is assessed as extremely difficult. Lips turn blue, fingertips. Breathing is difficult both in inspiration and in exhalation. The heart rate decreases.
4. State of extreme severity. The fourth stage (asphyxia) is characterized by superficial breathing and a decrease in heart rate. Cramps are possible.

Treatment of stenosis of the larynx in children

It is better if you start treatment before serious symptoms appear, then a serious condition can be avoided altogether. The baby needs plenty of drink and digestible food. It will be useful to rub the chest and legs. You can give antipyretics when the temperature rises. And also for expectant breathing, expectorants are used.

At the first signs of approaching an attack of stenosis of the larynx, first cause urgent help. Before the arrival of the ambulance, do not panic and do not waste time, but help your child. To facilitate breathing, hot, humid air will help (inhalation, or, finally, open a hot water tap in the bathroom and go there). It is very important at this moment to calm the baby and minimize physical activity, this will lead to a normalization of breathing and a decrease in the need for oxygen. A favorable effect is provided by conducting, so-called, distraction therapy. Steam the baby's legs (water temperature 42-45 ° C), put mustard plasters on the roe and constantly give warm drink.

Prevention of stenosis of the larynx

To prevent the disease, it is necessary to reduce the frequency of SARS, to follow preventive measures during the flu epidemic, to temper the child, and also to strengthen immunity.