Sudden exanthema is an acute viral infection that manifests itself as a fever without any local symptoms. After a while there are rashes, reminiscent of rubella. In most cases, the disease affects children aged between six months and two. Less common in adults. This name she received due to the fact that the rashes appear immediately after the fever. Often, this ailment can be found under other definitions: a three-day fever, a baby roseola and a sixth illness.
Causes of viral sudden exanthema in adults
The disease is activated due to the virus of herpes 6 and 7 types, getting into the body. Pathogens stimulate the production of cytokines, interacting with the immune and other systems. As a result, a person has a sudden eczema. This contributes to several major factors:
- disorders in the immune system;
- stress for the body (hypothermia, constant lack of sleep and other);
- problems related to certain parts of the body (poisoning, upset stomach, high fever).
Diagnosis of sudden exanthema
Despite the fact that the disease is common, it is not always possible to establish an accurate diagnosis in a timely manner. This is due to the rapid progression of the disease. Often there is a situation where during the diagnosis the symptoms simply disappear.
The procedure includes:
- primary examination, familiarity with the list of diseases that a person had during his life;
- general analysis of blood , urine and feces.
In some cases, experts additionally prescribe tests for serological reactions - PCR, as well as ultrasound of the abdominal cavity.
Symptoms of sudden exanthema (roseola)
From the moment the virus enters the body to the manifestation of the first signs of ailment, it can take about ten days. In this case, the symptoms are not always the same - they often vary with age. So, in adults, during the first 72 hours, body temperature rises, diarrhea and a runny nose appear. In this case, the rash during a sudden exanthema may not always appear. If it is still observed on the body of patients, it has a pink color and its dimensions do not exceed three millimeters in diameter. At the same time it pales with pressure and does not merge with neighboring affected areas. The disease is not accompanied by itching.
The rash immediately appears on the body. Over time, it extends to the limbs, neck and head. It lasts from several hours to three days. Then disappears without any trace. Sometimes there are cases when as a result of the disease there was an increase in the liver and spleen.
Treatment of sudden exanthema (roseola)
People who have found a sudden exanthema should be isolated from others to prevent other viruses from entering the body. Such precautions are maintained until the symptoms disappear.
The disease does not require any specific therapy. The main thing - in a room where a person is constantly there, you need to carry out a wet cleaning every day and often ventilate the room. After the temperature drops, you can take walks in the fresh air.
If the patient does not tolerate high fever, experts recommend taking antipyretics (ibuprofen or paracetamol). Also, specialists can prescribe antiviral and antihistamines.
To prevent intoxication, you must constantly drink clean water.
Sometimes during illness there can be complications:
- meningitis;
- febrile convulsions (seizures that appear against the background of high fever);
- encephalitis (is rare).