Disease, accompanied by indicators of blood pressure is higher than 180 per 110 mm Hg. It is characterized by serious lesions of other organs (so-called targets). In this case, hypertension of the third degree provokes many complications, which often end in a lethal outcome. In addition, high pressure in the circulatory system leads to rapid depletion of the body and its functional capabilities.
Hypertension 3 degrees - symptoms
The severe form of the disease is characterized by the following symptoms:
- violation of coordination of movements;
- strong pulsating headaches;
- hyperemia of the face and upper part of the neck;
- the occurrence of sudden weakness in the limbs;
- deterioration of intellectual abilities and memory;
- dizziness;
- sweating, chills.
In addition, arterial hypertension of the third degree from the first stage is manifested by the symptomatology of the target organs - eyes, kidneys, heart and brain. Progressing disease leads to such complications:
- swelling of the nipple in the optic nerve;
- hemorrhage of the eyeball;
- damage to the retina and nearby vessels;
- diabetic nephropathy;
- chronic renal failure;
- myocardial infarction;
- heart rhythm disturbances;
- stratification of the aortic aneurysm;
- heart failure ;
- hemodynamic instability;
- transient ischemic attacks;
- dementia;
- personality disorders;
- encephalopathy (dyscirculatory);
- hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke .
How to treat hypertension 3 degrees?
Like the two previous stages of the pathology in question, this type of disease is subject to complex therapy, which consists of the following components:
- the organization of an optimum mode of work and rest, maintenance of sufficient time for a dream (it is desirable - not less than 8 hours per day);
- Wellness physical training with individually tailored for each patient;
- adherence to a strict diet and a healthy, active lifestyle;
- regular monitoring of pressure indicators by means of special medicines.
Pharmacological treatment of hypertension of the 3 rd degree consists in the correct constant intake of medicines according to the scheme developed by the doctor. It is made taking into account the age of the patient, the functional capabilities of his body, the stage of injury to other parts of the body and the duration of the course of the disease.
A set of drugs for therapy consists of 6 groups:
- calcium blockers;
- diuretics;
- ACE inhibitors;
- arterial vasodilators;
- hypocholesterolemic medications;
- beta-blockers.
Most often, 1 or 2 medicines are selected with the possibility of a single daily intake at a strictly fixed time.
Nutrition for hypertension 3 degrees
Given the severity of the disease, it requires very strict observance of the following principles of the diet:
- refusal of consumption of salt or the maximum reduction of its quantity in dishes (up to 5 g per day);
- increase in the number of products of plant origin, including those containing protein (vegetables, legumes, fruits);
- decrease in the proportion of animal fats, especially with a high concentration of cholesterol;
- refusal from smoked products, fried foods, semi-finished products, hard cheeses;
- preference for sour-milk products, especially kefir, yogurt and cottage cheese;
- replenishment of the diet with dried fruits, in particular - dried apricots, black currant berries;
- regular use of citrus fruits;
- increase in the share of cereals in the menu (buckwheat, wheat, rice).
Naturally, with hypertension of grade 3, it is important to completely abandon any beverages that increase blood pressure - coffee, mate, cocoa.