Types of vaccinations against poliomyelitis
There are 2 options for vaccination, which you should know about.
- Oral live poliomyelitis vaccine is a solution that drips into the mouth. The procedure is performed at the age of 3 months, then 4.5 and 6. The revaccination takes place at 18 and 20 months, and at 14 years. After the manipulation, you can not drink about 1 hour.
- It is also possible to use an inactivated vaccine that contains killed wild viruses and is injected. First it is necessary to make 2 injections, having sustained between them an interval, a minimum in 1,5 months. One year after the last dose was administered, the first revaccination is performed, then the second is given in 5 years.
Response to polio vaccination
The body can react differently to manipulation. Also, the reaction depends on which type of vaccination was used. The risk of side effects is higher when using drops, but it is believed that this is the most effective method of vaccination.
When using oral vaccine, diarrhea or an allergic reaction is possible. But these manifestations do not pose a threat to health and pass independently.
A dangerous complication after vaccination against poliomyelitis is the risk of developing this disease. This type of poliomyelitis is called vaccine-associated. But these cases are extremely rare. This can happen if a child with severe immunodeficiency is vaccinated. Also, such a risk exists if there are congenital abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract.
It is worth examining whether the vaccine against poliomyelitis is dangerous, which is carried out by injection. After it, local reactions are possible - redness and swelling of the injection site. Also, the child can be anxious, it can be noted that he has a temperature rise, a rash is possible. All this passes independently and does not require any treatment. Such a method of vaccination does not threaten the development of the disease. Injection can be pricked even for those children who have been diagnosed with immunodeficiency. But this form has a minus. In the digestive system, local immunity is worse formed. But this is where the active agent of the disease is actively multiplying.
Contraindications to vaccination against poliomyelitis
In some cases, the doctor may prohibit the vaccination. Such a decision depends on how the polio vaccine is made. Contraindications to oral vaccine can be the following conditions:
- with immunodeficiency;
- when neurological disorders appear after the previous dose;
- during the bearing of the baby.
If a child is vaccinated with an oral vaccine, and relatives are not vaccinated and have immunodeficiency, then they may develop vaccine-associated poliomyelitis. To avoid such a situation, a child in such a family should enter an inactivated vaccine. This form of polio vaccination does not lead to such consequences.
For the introduction
- an allergic reaction to antimicrobials;
- manifestation of allergy to the components of the vaccine, which manifested itself after a previous vaccination;
- during pregnancy.
If a person underwent poliomyelitis , he should still be vaccinated. The disease can be caused by three different types of pathogen. The vaccination can provide protection against other types of virus and re-infection.