Appearance of feces can tell a lot about the state of the digestive system. This applies not only to different parts of the intestine, but also to the stomach, esophagus, pancreas, even the oral cavity. It is important to immediately establish why there is blood in the feces of an adult - the causes of this phenomenon are very numerous, often consist of the development of dangerous diseases and cancer tumors.
Symptoms and causes of excrement of feces with blood
When clarifying the factors that provoke the described pathology, you must first pay attention to the color and structure of the blood. The biological fluid can be present in the feces in unchanged form (scarlet or bright red, liquid), or in the form of brown, claret bunches, veins.
In addition, it is necessary to identify the symptoms that are typical for damage to the muscular, mucosa and submucosal tissues of the gastrointestinal tract:
- presence in the stool of thick mucus of various shades;
- pain syndrome that occurs before bowel movement, during or after defecation;
- changes in the consistency of stool (hard "balls", watery, foamy, loose stools);
- low blood pressure;
- increase or decrease in the volume of excreted feces per day;
- nausea and vomiting;
- increased body temperature;
- pain in the stomach or intestines.
The causes of scarlet blood in the feces of an adult
The most likely disease in which the stool or on its surface is clearly visible is the fissure of the anus. Usually it develops against a background of chronic constipation.
Other causes of the problem under consideration:
- inflammation of internal or external hemorrhoids;
- Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis;
- dysbacteriosis with predominant involvement by clostridia;
- ischemic colitis;
- anemia (iron deficiency in the body).
Also, to provoke the allocation of blood from the intestines can infectious pathologies:
- Bacterial lesions - klebsiella, paratyphosis, staphylococcus, dysentery, salmonella, campylobacter.
- Parasitic infestations - schistosoma, amoebiasis.
- Viral infections - rotavirus, etetrovirus infections, hemorrhagic fevers, cytomegalovirus.
The main reasons for the presence of dark blood in the feces of an adult
If the impurities of the biological fluid are brown or almost black, then it has already been digested. Accordingly, there is tissue damage in the upper parts of the intestine, stomach, esophagus or mouth.
Common causes of the presence of clots and veins of blood in the feces of an adult:
- Benign or malignant tumors in some parts of the intestine. Oncological neoplasms provoke the destruction of blood vessels and mucous walls.
- Infections that are sexually transmitted. Usually described symptom is characteristic for syphilis, gonorrhea, herpes, venereal granuloma.
- The Mallory-Weiss Syndrome. Pathology is a bleeding crack in the cardiac part of the stomach or esophagus.
- Perforation of ulceration of duodenum. In fact, this problem is internal bleeding, requiring urgent surgical intervention.
- Varicose veins of the esophagus. The disease is typical for cirrhosis of the liver and the syndrome of portal hypertension.
- Tuberculosis of the intestine. Damage of blood vessels and mucous membranes is formed due to the vital activity of bacteria.
- Neoplasms in the esophagus. Tumors in this case lead to the appearance of digested blood in the stool due to the breakdown of their tissues.
- Stomach ulcer. Extensive damage to the mucous walls provokes heavy bleeding, in which almost black feces are observed.