Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is an abnormal bleeding that occurs due to impaired functions or various diseases of the organs that regulate the menstrual cycle. Their cause is not pregnancy or any systemic diseases. More often, such bleeding occurs in women in the age group from 35 to 50 years.
In women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding, there are delays in men with discharge, different in duration and strength. With prolonged or severe bleeding, anemia develops.
There are such causes of dysfunctional uterine bleeding:
- Disorders of the hormonal balance of the female body.
- Stress and a strong psycho-emotional load.
- Climate change.
- Intoxication of the body.
- Heavy physical labor.
- Overwork.
- Inflammation of the pelvic organs.
- Certain types of treatment.
- Intrauterine device.
There are three types of dysfunctional uterine bleeding:
- Juvenile uterine bleeding (in girls during puberty, ie at 12-16 years). The cause of juvenile bleeding is usually a malfunction in the work of communication "hypothalamus-pituitary-ovaries."
- Bleeding of the reproductive period (in childbearing age) usually happens due to various inflammations of the pelvic organs.
- Bleeding of the climacteric period (in women in 45-50 years) are due to the extinction of menstrual function.
Groups of uterine bleeding:
- Abnormal ovulatory bleeding or bleeding associated with ovulation that occurs in the middle of the menstrual cycle.
- Anovulatory ocular bleeding , which is not associated with ovulation. They are the most common and are, mainly, in the juvenile and menopausal period. In this case, the woman is observed the absence of menstruation followed by prolonged bleeding.
Treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding
When contacting a doctor, diagnostic scraping of the uterine mucosa is performed, as well as hysteroscopy (examination of the walls of the uterine cavity by a special device - a hysteroscope). Due to curettage, bleeding stops, and histological examination of the scraping is used to clarify the diagnosis and prescribe the appropriate treatment.
Treatment of such bleeding depends on clinical manifestations. As a rule, it is carried out in two stages: hemostatic and preventive.
To stop bleeding use a tool that reduces the uterus (such as oxytocin) and hemostatic (Vikasol, dicinone, askorutin).
Patients of reproductive age are prescribed hormone therapy, thanks to which it is possible to achieve:
- normalization of menstrual function;
- restoration of reproductive function and restoration of the ability to conceive infertility, if there are such violations;
- prevention of recurrent uterine bleeding.
If bleeding has occurred as a result of stress, mental stress, physical or mental overwork, rest, psychotherapy, hypnosis, sedatives and hypnotics, vitamins, physiotherapy, and sometimes tranquilizers are prescribed.
When juvenile bleeding to scraping the uterine cavity resorted to with exceptionally heavy bleeding. Treatment of juvenile bleeding after stopping the bleeding itself is to restore the menstrual function of the girl, while the causes of bleeding are analyzed. Depending on the results, hormonal therapy, nootropic drugs, physiotherapy, vitamin therapy, sedation therapy can be prescribed. In addition, correction of nutrition, regimen and treatment of concomitant chronic diseases is recommended.
Also, with dysfunctional uterine bleeding, patients are prescribed iron-containing drugs to prevent the development of anemia and drugs that enhance immunity.
It should be borne in mind that with improper or inadequate therapy, relapse may occur.