Cystocele is a change in the position of the bladder simultaneously with the anterior wall of the vagina. If this also causes a change in the position of the urethra, the urethra, then the urethrocele is observed.
As a rule, cystocele is observed as a result of relaxation of the urogenital diaphragm, which is a consequence of the rupture of the perineum in the generic process or the displacement of the pelvic organs.
What is caused?
With increasing intra-abdominal pressure, the pelvic muscles become depleted, and their relaxation leads to the gaping of the urogenital gap, as a result of which the bladder falls or falls. In this case, the disease initially manifests itself only when straining.
The main complaints that patients make are urination disorder, which consists in incomplete emptying of the bladder, which leads to frequent urges , as well as difficulty urinating.
In the formation of cystocele, an important role is played by the stretching of connective tissue formations that are located between the bladder, uterus and pubic symphysis. This phenomenon is observed after childbirth, especially if the woman had a large fetus. In such cases, the urethra increases, which simultaneously moves away from the bladder, causing cystocele in women. If the cystocele involves the rectum in the process, a rectocele is formed.
How is it manifested?
Outside the genital gaps, protrusion, the size of a fist, is formed. The mucous membrane of this site, as a result of permanent trauma, changes, which ultimately leads to corneal flattening of the epithelium. As a result, folds are smoothed out, and the slightest contact with any object, causes trauma and the appearance of sores. The woman constantly complains of excessive pressure in the lower abdomen, a feeling of heaviness.
In the course of the disease, 4 degrees of cystocele are isolated:
- 1 degree - cystocele occurs only when straining, but it does not go beyond the vagina;
- 2 degree - is determined without straining the woman, and when straining - comes out on the eve of the vagina;
- 3 degree - without straining cystocele is in the run-up, and when straining - falls just below the labia;
- 4 degree - is observed when the anterior wall of the vagina extends beyond the cavity of the small pelvis.
Treatment
The main types of cystocele treatment include surgical intervention, whose goal is to restore the normal physiological position of the bladder, as well as the urethra, by suturing the pelvic floor muscles.
Operation with cystocele (colpoperinoreoraphy) is complex and lasts a long time. It consists in the separation of the walls of the bladder and vagina, and further suturing the walls of the lowered bladder. In this case, often injuries to the walls and ureters.
In addition, there are conservative treatments for cystocele. At the same time, a good result is shown by physical exercises, which are performed with cystocele. They consist in increasing the tone of the muscles located in the pelvis. An example of such exercises is the reduction and relaxation of sphincters in the act of urination. But these exercises are more prophylactic than medical.
Women also use folk remedies for cystocele treatment. To do this, use herbs such as a snake mountaineer and a thousand-acres, and also make a decoction of the berries of viburnum, which helps to increase the tone of the uterine muscles. Douching is also performed using the above mentioned herbs.