Myocardial infarction is an acute form of insufficiency of admission to the muscles of the heart of the blood enriched with oxygen and nutrients. This pathology leads to the fact that in a short period of time, the heart cells and tissues die. As a result, the heart stops. But even with a large heart attack, a person has great chances to survive and, despite the consequences, live a fairly full life.
What are the chances of surviving after a massive heart attack?
Only an immediate resuscitation of the patient with the onset of a large heart attack gives chances to survive, prevent the onset of negative consequences and carry out rehabilitation, at least partially. If there are no doctors nearby, resuscitation should be done on your own. You must:
- Ensure airway patency (put a person on a flat surface, tilt his head, pull out foreign bodies from his mouth).
- Make sure that the patient breathes on his own.
- Initiate an artificial ventilation in the absence of breathing.
With such a pathology, a person can fall into a coma (instantly or in a few hours). This indicates a deep and irreversible brain damage caused by spasm of blood vessels. If the patient is in a coma after a massive heart attack more than 4 months, the chances of surviving fall below 15%. Complete recovery in this case will not occur in 100%.
Consequences of extensive heart attack
The consequences of an extensive heart attack are very severe. In the body irreversible processes begin. Most people:
- different types of arrhythmia are observed;
- thrombi are formed throughout the cardiovascular system;
- some organs refuse;
- paralyzed limbs
- speech is broken.
The widespread consequences of extensive myocardial infarction are also heart aneurysm and thromboembolism . In some cases, patients experience pleurisy and pulmonary edema. For extensive myocardial infarction of the anterior wall of the myocardium, such effects as heart failure and cardiogenic shock are characteristic.
Features of rehabilitation after infarction
Rehabilitation of a person who has undergone a heart attack is aimed at restoring physical activity and mental health. Without fail the patient needs to practice physical therapy, carefully controlling the pulse. This will saturate all the organs of the body with blood and nutrients. In addition to special exercises, the cardiovascular system has a positive effect on:
- walking;
- massage;
- special baths.
An important role in the restoration of the body is played by diet. In the diet of a person who needs to cure the consequences of an extensive heart attack, there must be products that help normalize the functioning of the heart muscle. This bread, green vegetables and fruits. Food, which provokes the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, should be excluded from the diet. It includes:
- meat;
- liver;
- different smoked products;
- sausages;
- fat cottage cheese;
- kefir;
- butter and sour cream.
To return to normal life after a heart attack, you should take various medications. During rehabilitation, all patients are prescribed drugs that prevent the development of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Some patients also need to use beta-blockers for treatment (Obsidan or Anaprilin). They resume normal functioning of the myocardium, prevent the effects of nervous and physical overexertion. Accept them for several years, and sometimes until the end of life. Termination of drug treatment can trigger a relapse, angina or other complications.