In the winter, the number of injuries to the musculoskeletal system is increasing. One of the most common types of damage is a fracture of the radius of the arm.
Fracture of the head and neck of the radius of the arm
The radial bone is a fixed, long tubular bone located in the forearm. The head of this bone is formed by its upper part, and slightly below the head is the neck - the narrowed part of the bone. Fracture of these parts of the bone most often occurs with a fall with an emphasis on the elongated arm.
When the head of the radius is broken, cartilage is often damaged, and this trauma is not diagnosed in any way. Meanwhile, damage to the cartilage can lead to a decrease in mobility in the joint. Classify head fractures without displacement, edge fractures with displacement, as well as fractured fractures.
Symptoms of fracture of the head of the radius are:
- pain in the joint, increasing when trying to move;
- limited movement;
- swelling;
- hemarthrosis (bleeding in the joint).
Clinical manifestations of fracture of the cervix:
- pain in the elbow joint;
- swelling in the region of the arm-beam joint;
- limited motion.
Fractures of the cervix may be in violation of the axis of the radius and congruence (matching articular surfaces) in the arm-beam joint and without such violations.
Fracture of the distal radius of the wrist and wrist
Fracture of the distal (lower) division is more common in women and occurs, mainly when falling on an elongated arm and in an accident . Fractures of the distal radius of the radius, depending on the nature of the displacement of fragments, are classified into two types:
- extensor (Collis) - when the displacement of the distal end occurs in the rear;
- flexion (Smith) - when the displacement occurs in the direction of the palm.
This type of injury is characterized by such signs:
- pain in the wrist joint, increasing when trying to move;
- impaired sensitivity;
- edema and deformation of the back of the hand.
Damage to Galeazzi
This trauma is a fracture of the radial bone at the top of its middle part, at which the lower fragment is displaced and the ulnar head dislocated in the wrist. Such a fracture can occur when you fall on an elongated arm, when you hit.
Symptoms of Galeazzi damage:
- significant swelling, deformity and pain in the wrist and lower third of the forearm;
- impossibility of movement of the hand and forearm.
Treatment of fracture of the radius of the hand
With a fracture without displacement of fragments, conservative treatment is carried out, which consists in applying a gypsum longus to achieve anatomical reposition and fixation of fragments. The duration of the cast is 4 weeks.
With a fracture with displacement, the fragments are repositioned first (after anesthesia). Next, a gypsum and a tire are applied. On the 5th - 7th day, after the edema subsides, an X-ray is performed to monitor the secondary displacement.
At a tendency to secondary displacement, surgical intervention is performed, in which one of the methods of osteosynthesis is used - with spokes or plates.
Rehabilitation after fracture of the radial arm
Hand after fracture of the radius is restored approximately
At the end of the immobilization period, the following restoration measures are appointed:
- physiotherapy;
- massage ;
- phonophoresis.
After the fusion, warm baths are shown - coniferous, coniferous-salt, etc.