Normal breathing and the functioning of all body systems depends on a clear balance between the oxygen content and carbon dioxide in the blood. Hyperventilation of the lungs leads to changes in this ratio and, as a consequence, to hypocapnia (a deficit of carbon dioxide), and then hypoxia (oxygen starvation), which is fraught with the death of brain tissue.
Causes of hyperventilation syndrome
The most frequently provoking factors refer to psychosomatic and panic disorders - nervousness, severe depression, anxiety, susceptibility to stress, anger, other intense emotions.
Other reasons:
- pneumonia ;
- allergic reactions;
- myocardial infarction;
- asthma;
- internal bleeding;
- congestive heart failure;
- pulmonary embolism;
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;
- diabetic ketoacidosis;
- intense pain;
- acute infections that occur with inflammatory processes;
- the use of narcotic substances, psychostimulants;
- ketoacidosis of pregnant women.
Symptoms of hyperventilation of the lungs
The main symptom of the syndrome is excessively rapid and deep breathing. Also observed:
- panic state and worsening anxiety;
- decreased visual acuity, the appearance of rainbow circles before the eyes;
- frequent palpitations, pain in the chest, squeezing;
- dry mouth;
- dizziness;
- pain, tingling and cramps in the limbs;
- loss of consciousness;
- feeling of lack of air;
- bleeding ;
- bloating and belching;
- weakness in the body.
Treatment of hyperventilation of the lungs
The first measures to alleviate the pathology:
- Slow down breathing, do not inhale more than 1 time in 10 seconds.
- Calm down, do not panic.
- Remove tight clothes and accessories.
The further tactics of therapy, especially with frequent attacks of hyperventilation, depend on the cause of the syndrome. If it is covered in psychosomatic disorders, it is worth to visit a therapist for advice. More serious diseases suggest specific medication.
Alternative techniques sometimes include manual therapy, yoga, pilates, attending respiratory gymnastics courses.
To prevent hyperventilation of the lungs, one should take care of the sleep and rest regime, keep the emotional state under control, and stop using certain medications.