The pituitary gland is an important regulatory center that unites the endocrine and nervous factors of the human body. Hormones of the pituitary gland are constantly developing protein products that are responsible for numerous processes occurring inside a person.
What hormones are produced by the pituitary gland?
Distinguish between the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary gland, they can also secrete the intermediate part, but it is practically absent. These parts are designed to perform their functions.
Consider the hormones located in the anterior lobe:
- TTG. The thyroid-stimulating hormone is designed to regulate the function of the thyroid gland and regulates the synthesis of substances T3 and T4 associated with metabolic processes, digestive and nervous system work, and also with heart function. Excessive amounts of these components lead to thyrotoxicosis .
- ACTH. Adrenocorticotropic hormone affects the activity of the adrenal cortex, and also has a slight effect on sex hormones. Plus, the substance contributes to the process of fat oxidation, activating the synthesis of insulin and cholesterol and increasing pigmentation. If an excess of ACGT was detected during the analysis of pituitary hormones , then Itenko-Cushing's disease may occur, accompanied by hypertension, fatty deposits and impaired immunity. With a deficiency, a metabolic disorder occurs.
- STG. Pituitary hormone somatotropin takes part in various types of metabolism, thanks to it the development of the organism. The consequence of its excessive content in children becomes gigantism, and excess in adults causes acromegaly (tissue growth and thickening of bones). The disadvantage is the arrest of growth in the young body.
- Prolactin. This hormone plays a major role in reproduction. The hormone exerts the greatest influence on the female body. Thanks to him, the mammary gland grows and mothers begin to release milk. Excessive levels of prolactin can cause problems with conception and worsen potency.
- FSH and LH. Follicle-stimulating and lyutenizing hormone act on the sex glands, producing the main components of the reproductive system of progesterone and estrogen.
The hormones responsible for the formation of which the posterior part of the pituitary gland is responsible include the following:
- Oxytocin. The hormone affects the female body, stimulating labor and participating in lactation. The mechanism of influence on men is not revealed.
- Vasopressin. Antidiuretic hormone increases the volume of fluid in the body, stimulating the absorption of water in the kidney canals. In addition, the hormone narrows the arterioles, which is very important for blood loss.
Preparations of pituitary hormones
When revealing pathological processes, the appearance of which is associated with a malfunction of the pituitary gland and the production of basic protein products, special medicines are prescribed.
Preparations of the hormones of the anterior lobe of the pituitary:
- To normalize the work of the adrenal glands, especially for the production of glucocorticoids, use Sinaten Depot, Corticotropin, Corticotropin-Zinc.
- To stimulate the development of thyroxine and improve the work of the thyroid, Tyrothropine is prescribed.
- To normalize the growth of the skeleton and activate the development of the entire body take Somatotropin, Size, Humatrop.
- Deficiency of the follicle-stimulating hormone is compensated by the use of phallitropin alfa and beta. With a simultaneous deficiency and hormone LH take Pergonal.
- Medicines to compensate for the lack of prolactin was not developed. However, Bromocriptine is used to block it.
Preparations of hormones of the posterior lobe of the pituitary:
- To improve the contraction of the uterine muscles and the formation of milk, such drugs can be prescribed Synthofinon and Oxytocin Dezaminokistocin.
- For the treatment of diabetes, Lysinvazopressin is administered, Pitioutrin consists simultaneously of oxytocin and vasopressin, which contribute to uterine contraction.