Parathyroid hormone or parathyroid hormone is a substance produced by parathyroid glands. Its main purpose is the regulation of calcium-phosphorus metabolism in the human body.
The rate of parathyroid hormone in women is related to age and is:
- from 19 to 22 years - 12 - 95 ng / ml;
- from 23 to 70 years - 9.5 - 75 ng / ml;
- after 71 years - 4.7 - 117 ng / ml.
Also for the level of parathyroid hormone daily fluctuations are characteristic: the minimum amount of the hormone is fixed at 7 am, the maximum - at 15 o'clock in the afternoon.
The causes of increased concentration of parathyroid hormone
Increase in the concentration of the hormone is most often associated with parathyroid glands. As a rule, parathyroid adenoma is registered in women aged 20 to 50 years. In addition, the reasons for which parathyroid hormone is elevated are:
- malignant tumors of the thyroid and parathyroid glands;
- metastases in cancer diseases of any location;
- kidney failure ;
- some diseases of the pancreas and intestines;
- colitis;
- rickets.
Symptoms of increasing the level of parathyroid hormone
In a normal amount, the hormone promotes the renewal of bone tissue. Excess parathyroid hormone leads to the destruction of bones. In this case, calcium enters the blood. To suspect that parathyroid hormone is elevated, it is possible by the following symptoms:
- propensity to fractures, flattening of vertebrae, upper and lower jaw cysts, osteoporosis;
- decreased growth in adults;
- X-shaped legs in children;
- low back pain, frequent urination;
- nausea, persistent thirst, constipation, anorexia;
- weakness of the muscles of the legs;
- fast fatiguability;
- decreased cognitive abilities and memory;
- arrhythmia ;
- arterial hypertension.
In addition, patients complain of difficulty in making the simplest movements. After a while, a change in gait ("duck" gait) and loose joints become noticeable.
Treatment of pathology
In the event that the parathyroid hormone is raised, the methods of treatment are determined by the doctor. When the primary disease of the parathyroid glands is recommended removal of adenoma.
If the parathyroid hormone in the blood is elevated and the calcium is normal or decreased, it is more likely that the patient has secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with vitamin D deficiency or chronic kidney disease, intestinal tract. Therapy consists of taking medications with vitamin D, treating kidney disease or the gastrointestinal tract. If there is a lack of calcium, funds with a Ca content are assigned.