Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a polyendocrine disorder in a woman's body, which leads to infertility due to the lack of ovulation in the appropriate phase of the cycle.
Polycystic ovary - reasons:
- Decrease in insulin sensitivity of ovarian tissues.
- Increased production of androgens and estrogens.
- Obesity or overweight.
- Hormonal disorders in the work of the hypothalamus, adrenal glands, pituitary gland and thyroid gland.
- Elevated levels of prostaglandins.
- Heredity.
- Stress.
- Postponed inflammatory or infectious diseases.
- Climate change.
It should be noted that all listed reasons for the occurrence of polycystic ovaries are conjectural. The exact etiology of the development of this syndrome is still unknown.
Signs and symptoms of polycystic ovary:
- violation of the cycle;
- excess body hair on the body and face - hirsutism;
- sharp weight gain;
- acne;
- painful pulling sensation in the lower abdomen;
- diseases of the mammary glands (mastopathy, mastalgia, fibroadenoma).
If the disease has not been treated for a long time, uterine bleeding can occur. In addition, the advanced polycystic syndrome is at risk of developing cancerous tumors in the genitals.
Forms of the disease:
- True (primary) polycystic ovary.
- Secondary polycystic ovary.
Primary polycystosis does not respond well to conservative and operative treatment. It occurs mainly during puberty. This form of the disease affects girls with normal body weight and the permissible level of insulin in the blood. True polycystic ovaries are often diagnosed in adolescents because of the establishment of hormonal balance in the transition years and the onset of the menstrual cycle.
Secondary polycystic syndrome occurs in middle-aged women with overweight. In addition, the disease can begin to develop during menopausal syndrome during hormonal changes in the body. The cause may also be chronic diseases of the organs of the reproductive system during the period of exacerbation. Secondary polycystic ovaries give in to conservative treatment much easier.
Usually, with the disease under consideration, it is difficult for a woman to become pregnant. Therefore, hormonal therapy is used to normalize the cycle and establish timely ovulation. In the complex, it is recommended that the diet be maintained and muscles maintained in tone by moderate physical activity. Treatment measures, as a rule, allow you to successfully conceive and give birth to a child, but polycystic ovaries after childbirth can return. In such situations, therapy is slightly delayed for the period of lactation.
Polycystic ovary and endometriosis
Often these two diseases occur simultaneously, which greatly complicates the treatment of infertility. The fact is that polycystic ovaries are usually treated with anti-androgens and estrogen, whereas for the development of endometriosis these hormones are favorable. In such cases, alternative therapy is prescribed and oral contraceptives taken to establish a normal hormonal background.
Polycystic ovary - contraindications:
- alcohol consumption, even in small quantities;
- smoking;
- strong coffee and tea;
- fatty foods, trans fats;
- a large number of easily assimilated carbohydrates in the diet, especially sugars;
- lack of sleep;
- physical and psycho-emotional overload;
- some types of hardware cosmetology;
- a natural tan and a solarium.