By autumn, the vine is weakened due to the fact that it spends a lot of effort on ripening berries. At this time, and you must start preparing the vine for the winter. In addition, the buds are renewed in the fall in the grapes, so it is necessary to create optimal conditions for this.
After the harvest is collected, pour the bushes, loosen the ground under them and fertilize them with fertilizers. In order to protect the grapes from diseases in the autumn, it is necessary to treat the vine with chemical preparations. Let's find out what can be treated grapes from diseases.
Fighting grape diseases
Grapes can be damaged by various fungal, viral and bacterial diseases. Also, grape diseases are infectious: oidium, anthracnose, mildew, white and gray rot , and non-infectious: chlorosis. To combat the disease of grapes was successful, you need to know what signs have this or that disease.
One of the most common diseases of the vine is mildew, or powdery mildew. This disease affects all the green parts of the plant: leaves, young shoots and even berries. Especially often the disease manifests itself in wet weather and high humidity. First, spots appear on the leaves, the bottom of which forms a powdery white coating in the wet period. Gradually the affected parts of the leaf die and wither. If we do not cure this disease of grapes, then it goes from leaves to inflorescences or fruits, which is fraught with loss of crops. Therefore, it is necessary to treat the grapevine with systemic or contact fungicides, for example, Bordeaux fluid , anthracol, cuproxate and others.
A real danger to the grapes is the present powdery mildew or, as it is also called, oidium, which, like mildew, is a fungal disease. The oidium strikes first of all young shoots, whose leaves become curly and covered with white-gray dust. Inflorescences, and then berries look like sprinkled with flour or ash. Bunches of grapes perish, the crop disappears. To protect the grapes from this disease, in autumn it is necessary to carry out treatment with such drugs as Strobi, Topaz, Thanos, etc.
Another mushroom disease, which causes great damage to viticulture is anthracnose. It affects both leaves of grapes, and its shoots, and berries. Especially rapidly develops the disease in rainy weather. Control measures against anthracnose are the same as with other fungal diseases: in the spring, summer and autumn treatment with chemical preparations of the Bordeaux mixture, anthracol, ridomil and others.
Black patchiness or death of shoots is observed in areas with high humidity. The disease affects all parts of the plant. The fungal mycelium penetrates deep into the wood and multiplies rapidly under the cover of grape tissues. A thick layer of cells protects the fungal spores from the effects of chemicals. Therefore, the fight against black spotting is a rather complicated matter. The drying out parts of the plant must be removed. In autumn, after pruning the vine, you should carefully spray the grape bushes with copper preparations.
Prevention of grape diseases
Prevention of grape diseases is the cultivation of resistant to diseases varieties, the regular application of phosphate-potassium fertilizers, mulching the soil under the bushes of grapes, the removal of stepchildren. Also for prevention purposes in the fall, after
Another way to prevent and combat grape diseases is the timely tying of the vines, as well as the removal of the stepsons that thicken the bush, which will not be used in the future. This will promote a better ventilation of the bushes. To reduce infection during the summer, collect sick leaves and shoots and necessarily burn them. The same should be done after the autumn pruning of grapes.