What kinds of abortions are there?
Before making a final decision, a woman should think. Such manipulation is fraught with consequences from the work of the reproductive system - many girls, having suffered an abortion, have difficulty with conception. If the decision is made, you need to go to a medical institution where you can get information about the types of abortions and the timing of their implementation. Among the existing methods of interrupting gestation, it is worth noting:
- medical abortion - is carried out by taking drugs that kill the embryo and expel the fetal egg outwards;
- vacuum aspiration (mini-abortion) - manipulation, carried out with the help of an aspirator, acting on the principle of a vacuum cleaner;
- surgical method (scraping) - is carried out with the help of special instruments that purify the uterine cavity.
Types of early abortion
It is worth noting that the interruption procedure is feasible already from the 3-week period, the time when in the uterine cavity it is possible to detect the embryo with the help of ultrasound. Talking about the types of termination of pregnancy in the early stages, you must first note the medabort. Its advantages are a complete lack of hardware or surgical intervention in the reproductive system. It is carried out by the use of special medicines. The degree of efficiency of manipulation is 98%.
The method of vacuum aspiration involves the removal of the fetal egg from the uterine cavity by means of a special device. The procedure lasts no more than 10 minutes. Refers to surgical methods, but is sparing of those. It is feasible in the early stages of gestation, until the egg is strongly entrenched in the endometrium. The method can be used as a complementary one - after a medical abortion, to make sure that the embryo is completely banished, in order to eliminate the remains of tissues.
How is medical abortion?
Among all the existing types of abortion, this is recognized as the safest kind of abortion. Has a minimum of consequences, does not require the availability of special equipment and clinical conditions. It is carried out exclusively within the walls of medical institutions, under the supervision and supervision of physicians. There is a certain number of medications that can be used in this procedure. A classic option is the use of Mifepristone.
Before taking the medicine, the doctor conducts ultrasound, assesses the patient's condition. After that, the documentary consent for abortion is signed. Under supervision, the woman takes the drug. After 3-4 hours the patient, having made sure of the absence of complications, doctors are allowed to leave the clinic. After 3-5 days, repeated reception is performed, with examination of the uterine cavity and evaluation of the performed manipulation.
Medical abortion - terms
The girl who decided to interrupt the pregnancy, asks a lot of questions. Hoping for medical abortion, up to how many weeks it is carried out - she does not always know. The main task of physicians in this method is the precise identification of the gestational age. It can be established on the basis of ultrasound examination data. This method of getting rid of an infant is applicable up to 5 weeks inclusive, in some cases it can also be carried out at week 6.
Medical abortion - consequences
Even with low trauma, a small risk of complications, it is not always possible to conduct medical abortion, the contraindications to the implementation of which are the following:
- a long gestation period (more than 6 weeks);
- anatomical abnormalities in the structure of the reproductive system;
- intolerance to hormonal drugs.
In addition, doctors are often apprehended with concern for this method of abortion due to possible negative consequences, among which:
- incomplete interruption of gestation and further progression of pregnancy - noted if rejection of the fetal egg does not occur;
- uterine bleeding;
- strong pain in the lower abdomen;
- severe nausea and vomiting.
How do you do a vacuum abortion?
Thinking about the methods of getting rid of the baby's future, a woman asks about how a vacuum abortion is being done. Such a surgical procedure requires some preparation. It is performed using anesthesia, often common. In this case, the woman should be excluded from eating after 12 o'clock in the night preceding the operation.
The procedure itself, like other types of abortion, is performed in the gynecological chair, using vacuum suction. The tip of the device is inserted into the uterine cavity. Pre-installed mirrors, used expanders to open the uterine neck. Moving the tip through the cavity, the doctor completely removes its contents. Within a few hours, the patient is observed, after which she leaves the clinic.
Mini-abortion - terms
The time of the procedure is the determining factor in choosing the method of abortion. Often, women who want to get rid of the baby, are looking for information about mini-abortion: how many weeks it is spent, they are most interested in. This method is feasible only at short gestational age. It is conducted when no more than 14 weeks have elapsed since conception.
Vacuum abortion - consequences
Due to the fact that this method is related to small surgical interventions, it is not always possible to carry out a vacuum abortion, the contraindications to which are the following:
- ectopic pregnancy;
- infection in the body of any localization;
- acute and organic processes in the pelvic organs;
- disruption of the blood coagulation system;
- the previous abortion took less than 6 months;
- term is more than 5 weeks;
- congenital and acquired abnormalities of the uterus.
Among the consequences of such manipulation is:
- incomplete removal of the embryo from the uterine cavity;
- trauma to the walls of the organ;
- severe uterine bleeding.
How is surgical abortion done?
Before the appointment of an operation of this kind, the woman will have a comprehensive examination. It includes:
- gynecological examination with taking of smears;
- Ultrasound;
- analysis for hCG;
- blood tests: general analysis, for hepatitis, syphilis, blood group and Rh factor.
Surgical abortion is performed under general anesthesia, which is performed intravenously. After the introduction of mirrors, the use of the expander, introduce special. instruments. They destroy the tissues of the embryo, detach it from the wall of the uterus. With the help of a curette, the doctor makes a scraping of the contents of the uterine cavity outward. Before the end, the surgeon is convinced of the complete absence of tissue in the cavity. For reliability use a vacuum. The time of the whole manipulation is 20-30 minutes, the efficiency is 100%.
Surgical abortion - terms
Considering the types of abortions, it should be noted that this method can be used for long gestation periods. In doing so, he requires medical appointment. Surgical abortion at late periods is carried out with the detected violation of intrauterine development, pregnancy fading, death of the fetus. In this case, it is conducted during the period of 6-22 weeks, exclusively in stationary conditions, with the availability of special equipment and qualified medical staff.
Consequences of surgical abortion
The method is a kind of surgical intervention, therefore it is not always possible to perform a surgical abortion, contraindications to which:
- disruption of the cardiovascular system;
- impaired cerebral circulation;
- chronic and acute infectious diseases.
Doctors try not to use this method of abortion because of the high risk of possible complications, among which:
- bleeding;
- trauma of uterine looms;
- inflammatory diseases (parametritis, endometritis, salpingitis, etc.);
- infection;
- violation of the menstrual cycle, secondary infertility.
What kind of abortion is safer?
Fearing the consequences of the procedure, trying to reduce them, women often think about what the safest form of abortion exists at the moment. In this case, doctors do not give an unambiguous answer - all types of abortion have their own shortcomings. The choice of method depends on many factors, the main ones being:
- gestational age;
- presence of chronic diseases;
- aggravating factors - diseases of the reproductive system, the presence of abortions in the past.
Talking about the types of abortions, the most safe of existing doctors recognize the medical interruption of gestation. The correct organization of the process, the choice of the preparation and the timing of the manipulation cause the high efficiency of the method. The main disadvantage for women is the inadmissibility of using on their own. It is conducted exclusively in medical clinics.