A healthy microflora of the vagina is represented by a number of microorganisms, most of which are lactobacilli - useful bacteria that maintain a normal pH (3.8-4.5) and produce hydrogen peroxide. The "activity" of lactobacilli is aimed at suppressing the conditionally pathogenic flora, which is present in the body of a healthy woman with a small amount of staphylococci, E. coli, streptococci, anaerobic bacteria, gardnerella, and mobilunculus.
What happens with dysbiosis?
With dysbiosis, the number of useful lactobacilli is reduced, and pathogenic flora comes into play, especially gardnerella, so the dysbiosis of the vagina is associated with the concept of "gardnerellez".
Among the risk factors are:
- syringing (with water or chlorine-containing antiseptics, for example, Gibitane, Miramistin);
- the use of contraceptives, which contain 9-nonoxynol (for example, candles "Nonoxinol", "Patentex Oval", condoms with spermicide lubricant);
- frequent change of partners;
- course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics;
- course of treatment with vaginal preparations of a wide spectrum, for example: Terzhinanom, Poliginaksom, Betadinom.
Prevention of dysbiosis of the vagina is to avoid risk factors: before taking medication consult doctor, choose the most safe contraceptive, do not enter into unprotected contact with untested partners.
Symptoms of vaginal dysbiosis
The symptoms accompanying the dysbiosis of the vagina are presented by homogeneous and ungrowthous secretions with an unpleasant odor (reminiscent of the smell of rotten fish), a watery base and a greyish-white color.
Usually, after sexual intercourse, an unpleasant odor of secretions increases, since sperm increases the production of volatile amines due to alkaline pH.
Excretions accompanying vaginal dysbiosis (Gardnerella) do not leave traces on the underwear and visually do not differ much from normal discharges.
How to treat the dysbiosis of the vagina?
Most often, for the treatment of vaginal dysbiosis, local preparations (vaginal suppositories, tablets) and internal administration are prescribed. Among them:
- gels based on metronidazole (Flagil, Metrogil, Klion-D 100);
- cream based on clindamycin (Dalacin);
- oral preparations based on metronidazole (Clion, Medazol, Metronidazole, Metrogil, Trichopol, Efloran);
- oral preparations based on clindamycin (Dalacin, Clindamycin, Klimitsin).
For greater effectiveness, the treatment of vaginal dysbiosis (gardnerellez) is supplemented with immunotherapy, restorative drugs, physiotherapy.
What is dangerous vaginal dysbiosis?
Often the symptoms of vaginal dysbiosis go untreated about a week later. For this reason, it used to be the opinion that the disease is not dangerous. However, today doctors are advised at the first sign of immediate consultation. Practice shows: dysbiosis of the vagina in women, whose treatment is painless and simple, without appropriate therapy can cause inflammation of the uterine appendages, complications during pregnancy and childbirth, infertility.
Facing this disease, and future mother, but with pregnancy dysbiosis of the vagina is slightly more difficult to treat. Therapy is prescribed only by a doctor - traditional drugs (clindamycin, metronidazole) are strictly contraindicated to pregnant women!