Difficult nasal breathing always brings a lot of inconvenience. It interferes with sleeping, eating and even talking. The causes may be infectious and viral diseases, allergic reactions. In this article, we will consider how to remove the swelling of the nasal mucosa and how to choose the treatment in each specific case.
Allergic edema of the nasal mucosa
This disease is also called allergic rhinitis. It arises from the reaction of the body to external stimuli with the course of inflammatory processes in the nasal mucosa. The swelling itself is the consequence of the release of antibodies in the blood, which are intended to block allergens. This process leads to a strong expansion of the vessels in the walls of tissues.
Symptoms:
- difficulty nasal breathing, sensation of stuffy nose;
- itching and discomfort in the nose;
- sneezing, runny nose.
Edema of the nasal mucosa with allergies requires timely treatment, since the immune system reactions gradually spread to the lower respiratory tract and to the eye tissues.
Therapy includes:
1. Taking antihistamines:
- diazolin;
- tavegil;
- suprastin and others.
2. Drops in the nose:
- naphthyzine;
- galazolin;
- sanorin.
3. Injections of glucocorticoid hormones (with strongly pronounced allergic reactions).
4. Vitamins, especially ascorbic acid.
How to remove chronic edema of the nasal mucosa?
Chronic rhinitis is very diverse and occurs for a number of reasons, depending on which appropriate treatment is selected. For all types of chronic edema of the nasal sinuses, the same signs are characteristic:
- labored breathing;
- mucous discharge;
- sneezing.
First of all, it is necessary to establish the cause of rhinitis and eliminate it. In cases where this is not possible, the treatment is aimed at arresting the symptoms of the disease:
- Antibiotic-containing ointments for the nose.
- Knitting preparations.
- Antiseptic solutions.
- Physiotherapy.
Preparations for chronic edema of the nasal mucosa:
- mupirocin;
- bioparox;
- octenesispt;
- polidex;
- interferon;
- ximelin;
- galazolin;
- naphthyzine;
- pinosol.
If the development of the disease is associated with the proliferation of connective tissue in the nasal sinuses or the appearance of neoplasms, then surgical intervention is recommended. Operations are conducted in three ways:
- Cutting out growths with a scalpel.
- Cryodestruction.
- Cauterization of tissues with trichloroacetic acid.
Edema of the nasal mucosa after surgery
At the beginning of the postoperative period, circulation of blood and physiological fluids in the sinuses is hampered due to damage. Therefore, the mucous membranes swell, breathing becomes very difficult. In addition, wounds, during healing, are covered with crusts, a large amount of blood is released, and connective tissue is formed at the site of the incisions.
Treatment is as follows:
- thorough hygiene of the nasal sinuses throughout the rehabilitation period;
- washing with soft antiseptic solutions from the first to the 5th day after the operation;
- removal of blood clots, dried crusts, scabs, scar tissue. It is usually performed starting from the 4th day after surgery;
- application of corticosteroid ointments for the early death of crusts and connective tissue;
- constant moistening of the mucous membranes of the nose with saline or sea salt solution. This facilitates the process of cleaning the nasal sinuses and healing of wounds;
- instillation of secretolitic agents, which increase the secretion level in cells of mucous tissues, normalizing their functions.