Adenoma of the breast belongs to the number of benign tumors . It is formed from the glandular tissue of the mammary glands and is more common in women up to 45 years of age. It can be single, multiple, and located in one or in 2 mammary glands.
What does the adenoma of the breast look like?
In most cases, adenomatosis of the mammary glands has fairly clear boundaries that separate it from the surrounding tissues. That is why the woman very often discovers this disease herself. This formation in appearance and form is very similar to a ball, which in this case has a smooth surface with clear contours. As a rule, the adenoma itself is mobile and does not have a permanent place of localization.
Very often, under the influence of various factors, this formation increases in size. So, there are cases of a two- and even three-fold increase in adenoma in size.
Symptoms
The main symptoms of mammary adenoma in most cases are found during palpation. Often, a woman alone, during the examination or while carrying the toilet of the mammary glands, discovers small seals in the chest. In doing so, they characterize it as a small rounded bundle, which quite easily rolls itself from place to place. Education, as a rule, causes pain during palpation. The surface of the formation is fairly even. Skin covers at the location of his usually remain unchanged. A characteristic feature is that when a woman assumes a supine position, the formations usually do not disappear.
Kinds
There are several types of mammary gland adenoma. It:
- adenoma of the nipple;
- tabular adenoma;
- lactating.
With adenoma of the nipple, a woman complains of persistent discharge from the reddened nipple. In this case, it is ulcerated and covered with a crust. When he palpates in the thick, a soft and elastic knot is found.
Tabular is characterized by the appearance of tabular structures that resemble the alveolar courses of a healthy mammary gland.
Lactating is characterized by the presence of education, along with which lactation is observed in women, as in the period after pregnancy.
Diagnostics
Before performing treatment for mammary adenomatosis, a woman is subjected to numerous examinations. The main one is ultrasound. In addition, for the final diagnosis is conducted mammography, as well as biopsy, in spite of the fact that the degeneration of adenoma into a malignant tumor is unlikely. Moreover, in clinical practice, cases are known where the data of education dissipated independently.
Treatment
The main tactic in the treatment of mammary adenoma is dynamic observation. Despite this, in some severe cases, an operation to remove the adenoma of the breast can be performed. In this case, a sectoral resection is performed.
Indications for surgical treatment are:
- suspicion of oncology (adenoma can stimulate the development of a malignant tumor);
- fast, progressive growth of adenoma;
- large dimensions of the neoplasm, the presence of which causes a cosmetic defect.
Prevention
Prophylaxis plays an important role in preventing the development of adenoma. It consists, first of all, in a daily self-examination of the woman's breast. If any suspicious seals are found that may not be painful at first (with cystadenoma of the breast), a woman should immediately seek advice from a gynecologist who will prescribe the treatment.