Ovulation is the phase of the menstrual cycle, which consists in the expulsion (exit) of the ovum from one ovary. For most women, ovulation is an insensible process that occurs monthly, until menopause, with the exception of periods of pregnancy and breastfeeding.
There is a logical question, is there pain in ovulation and, if so, how long does it last?
Statistics prove that one in five women feels discomfort or even pain during ovulation. The duration of the pain syndrome ranges from a few seconds to 48 hours. In most cases, this is not a cause for concern. But sometimes, severe pain during ovulation indicates serious gynecological diseases, such as, for example, endometriosis.
What kind of pain can occur with ovulation?
With ovulation, the pain is characterized by the following features:
- pain is felt in the lower abdomen;
- most often, it appears 2 weeks after the onset of menstruation;
- usually the pain is one-sided, and depends on the ovary in which ovulation occurs;
- pain can migrate from one side to another, or appear on the same side for several months;
- pain is perceived in different ways - it all depends on the nature of the woman. Some describe it as discomfort, unpleasant pressure or as acute pain, spasms;
- the duration is from a few seconds to 48 hours.
Possible causes of painful ovulation
There is no universally accepted theory of the occurrence of pain in ovulation, but some assumptions of scientists are very logical and interesting for consideration.
During the menstrual cycle, about 20 follicles begin to "mature". Each of them contains immature ovules, but only one of them will receive a signal for full maturation and will survive to ovulation. Gradually, the membrane of the follicle stretches and causes unpleasant sensations or pain during ovulation. Further, the membrane is thinned, "breaks" and the mature egg leaves the ovary. This moment can also be accompanied by pain and small bleeding in ovulation.
Gynecological problems that can cause pain in ovulation
In most cases, pain during ovulation is not pathological. But, despite this, if you have noted prolonged and severe pain or other unpleasant sensations in the lower abdomen with ovulation, this may be a sign of some gynecological diseases.
Their list is rather extensive, and for the specification of the diagnosis consultation of the expert is necessary.
- Salpingitis - inflammation of the fallopian tubes against infection;
- chronic inflammation in the small pelvis - also indicates a long-standing gynecological infection;
- endometriosis - the germination of the inner layer of the uterus in other parts of the body. For example, in the ovaries, peritoneum, intestines. Other symptoms that could indicate endometriosis are painful menstruation and sexual acts;
- Ovarian cyst - abnormally large amount of fluid in the follicle;
- ectopic pregnancy - happens when a fertilized egg is implanted in an "unauthorized" place for it. For example, in the fallopian tubes. Other symptoms are cramps, abdominal pain, bleeding. Requires urgent medical attention;
- Appendicitis - inflammation of the appendix can be mistaken for painful ovulation. Urgently call the doctor if a few hours you felt discomfort in the stomach, you had a single vomiting and the temperature rose.
Diagnostics
In order to understand whether pain in ovulation is a physiological or pathological symptom, a thorough examination of the specialist is required. The diagnosis will be based on anamnesis, gynecological examination, blood tests, ultrasound examination or even on the results of diagnostic laparoscopy.
How to behave when you have pain?
If, due to all the examinations, your doctor has given an opinion that you are healthy and the pain in ovulation is a physiological process, try to take this information wisely.
Relax and "lay back" the day you feel bad. Use analgesics, and warm compresses on the lower abdomen.
If the pain has increased or lasts more than 3 days - consult a specialist for advice.
Be healthy!