Cervical dysplasia of the 2nd degree

Cervical dysplasia is a violation of the structure of the cells of the uterine epithelium, leading to structural changes in the mucosal cover.

The most susceptible part of the cervix is ​​the so-called transformation zone (the area that opens into the lumen of the vagina, where the cylindrical epithelium gradually changes into a flat one). Often cervical dysplasia is confused with emerging erosion, however, unlike it, dysplasia is not just a mucosal lining, but an explicit structural change in tissues.

What is dangerous cervical dysplasia?

Dysplasia is a very serious disease, as it is considered a precancerous condition and requires immediate treatment.

Degrees of cervical dysplasia

Depending on the level of damage and changes in mucosal cells, the following degrees of the disease are distinguished:

• I degree (mild) - characterized by small changes in cells, affecting only the lower layer of multilayer epithelium, which covers the vaginal cervical region of the uterus;
• II degree (moderate) - characterized by more profound changes and affects already two thirds of the thickness of the epithelium
• III degree (severe) - characterized by a change and atypical structure of cells of all layers of the epithelium, this condition is a non-invasive cancer (i.e., does not affect the muscle layer and underlying tissues, including vessels and nerves).

Light and moderate dysplasia of the cervix is ​​safer, so starting treatment at these stages has all the chances to prevent cancer.

Cervical dysplasia - causes

1. The most common cause of mild to moderate dysplasia of the cervix is ​​the human papilloma virus (HPV-16 and HPV-18) that has penetrated the epithelium. The first changes that occur in the cervix can be observed only a few years after the appearance of this oncogenic virus in the woman's body.
2. An important role in the appearance of the disease is played by the inflammatory processes of the cervical canal, which are chronic, as well as various sexual infections (chlamydia, gonorrhea).
3. The effects of carcinogens (physical and chemical increase the risk of the disease).

The most susceptible to the disease are young women of childbearing age (25-35 years).

There are also a number of factors that favor the further development of moderate and severe dysplasia of the cervix:

• Smoking (increases the risk by 4 times);
• hormonal changes (including pregnancy, menopause or taking hormonal drugs);
• trauma and damage to the cervix;
• early onset of sexual activity, early pregnancy.

Cervical dysplasia - symptoms

Dysplasia is characterized by the absence of certain symptoms and obvious signs. Pain and discomfort are almost not typical. In most cases, women learn about the presence of the disease only on a gynecological examination.

However, when other diseases such as colpitis and cervititis occur, itching, burning, and unusual discharge from the genital tract may occur.

How to treat dysplasia of the cervix?

The methods of treating cervical dysplasia directly depend on the degree of cell damage. So treatment of mild and moderate dysplasia cervical can consist of the following:

• the appointment of immunostimulating drugs (vitamins A, C, E, B6, B12, folic acid, β-carotene, selenium, bioflavonoids, polyunsaturated fatty acid omega-3 and others);
• freezing of affected areas with liquid nitrogen;
• removal of affected areas by laser and electric scalp, as well as by surgical intervention.

The most important thing is timely and complete treatment, which can prevent terrible consequences.