Unfortunately, diseases in pigs happen frequently. In the fight against them, it is important to notice the onset of the disease in time, for this it is necessary to observe closely and continuously the behavior of the animal during feeding, the condition of its head, trunk, and skin. When cleaning the machine, we must pay attention to the presence of parasites in the waste of life of piglets.
Diseases of pigs and their symptoms
The health of the livestock may worsen for some reasons:
- use of spoiled feed;
- drafts;
- too low or high temperature in the room;
- getting into the body of bacteria, viruses, parasites, eggs of worms.
There are some signs of diseases of pigs, on detection of which the pet should be examined by a veterinarian:
- sluggish appearance, depressed state, rapid breathing;
- loss of appetite;
- the appearance of rash and spots;
- rumpled bristles of matte shade;
- presence of discharge from the nose, eyes, mouth;
- increase in body temperature (normal 38-40 °);
- swelling and the appearance of tumors on the trunk;
- the presence of worms in the feces, a change in its color.
Separately, there are some diseases of pigs that are dangerous for humans:
- anthrax - the dominant symptom - blue-red nodules on the body, filled with fluid;
- rabies - pigs are subject to slaughter, a person is infected through a bite;
- leptospirosis - manifests as jaundice, in severe form leads to kidney failure;
- Brucellosis - a person becomes infected through meat;
- foot and mouth disease - is manifested by watery bubbles that turn into ulcers, it does not respond well to both animals and humans;
- dysentery - bloody diarrhea, a person is threatened with severe intoxication.
All diseases of pigs are divided into non-contagious (caused by poor conditions of detention), infectious (arise due to the virus) and parasitic (carried by insects). If suspected of a second type of ailments, immediate quarantine (isolation) of the livestock is important. With timely treatment of a veterinarian, the outcome of the disease is often favorable.
Disease in pigs - erysipelas
This ailment is common in young animals at the age of 3-12 months. The causative agent is an infectious bacillus that affects the digestive tract and skin. Dangerous acute form of erysipelas, in which the temperature rises to 41-42 °, it is accompanied by diarrhea, constipation, loss of appetite. It is important to know what the erysipelas disease looks like in pigs - red spots appear on the body, they become pale when pressed. In the absence of therapy in the first two days, the animal dies.
With the subacute form, many red, swollen spots form on the skin, with the complication of possible necrosis of individual scraps of skin. The disease lasts 10 days and ends in recovery or turns into a chronic one, in which the heart is affected, joints swell, dyspnea and anemia are observed. When healing, antiserize immune serum in combination with penicillin is topical.
Scabies in pigs
The disease is caused by small mites that live on the skin and provoke severe itching and irritation. Has scabies of pigs following symptoms:
- the animal rubs against the walls of the stable;
- on the skin red pimples are formed, turning into crusts and scabs;
- the bristles grow dim, the skin thickens.
Scabs and dirt in the piglet are removed with a brush and water with soap, then with organophosphorus compounds, the body is pollinated with acaricidal dusts, injects ivermectin. Preparations kill parasites on the skin. As prevention of sows and boars systematically examined for scabies, wash the barn once a year, in summer paddocks are sprayed with 0.1% solution of biocide.
Disease of Aujeszky in pigs
The causative agent of the disease becomes a virus present in the urine and milk of a sick individual. Healthy livestock is infected during eating food through the gastrointestinal tract or respiratory system, suckers - during breastfeeding. The illness takes place in an acute form. The pigs begin fever, overexcitation, loss of appetite, dyspnea, unquenchable thirst.
Aujeszky is in the category of dangerous diseases of pigs, it is hard to tolerate young individuals. They are noted for vomiting, refusal of food, cough, systematic convulsions, paralysis of limbs, disorder of coordination of movements. Attacks of anxiety in young animals can result in death. Adults fail 2-3 days and recover. For the treatment of topical special serum.
Leptospirosis of pigs
Studying what diseases pigs are, you can find infectious fever (leptospirosis). It is characterized by poisoning the body, fever, damage to the liver, nervous system, it is also affected by people. The causative agent is leptospira, infection occurs when the mucous membrane contacts or the wound on the skin with dirty water or secretions of other animals.
Consequences of the ailment are fever, weakness, diarrhea, jaundice, bloody urine, necrosis of tissues, abortions in sows at a late period. The liver and kidneys suffer most of all, young individuals are more tolerant of this disease. Effective therapy with antibiotics streptomycin group with immunoglobulins. As a preventive measure, vaccination against leptospirosis is used.
Disease of Teschen pigs
This is a viral disease, characterized by the progression of non-enteric encephalomyelitis and the development of paralysis, limb spasms. It often affects 1-3 month old pigs with a mortality of 30-50%. Teschen's disease in pigs is insidious, the treatment is based on the removal of the focus of the virus (slaughter of individuals with primary symptoms of infection), and the use of immunomodulating compounds, vitaminized complexes for the rest of the herd. With timely therapy, complete healing is diagnosed in 90% of cases. Antiviral agents that destroy the pathogen, no.
Salmonellosis of pigs
Paratyphus or salmonellosis is an infectious disease that undermines young individuals under 4-5 months of age. The source of transmission are milk and other liquids of infected pets, litter, objects in the room. Has pigs salmonellosis the following symptoms: the sickness raises the temperature, the ears turn blue, the pigs do not eat and lie for a longer time.
On 2-3 days there is a stinking feces, with acute leakage there is pneumonia, rapid breathing, discharge from the nose, cough, lameness may develop. Pets lose weight, the skin becomes grayish shade. Without healing, the individual dies, the sick pig earns immunity. Animals for healing are given antibiotics, sulfanilomide, nitrofuran agents.
Dysentery of pigs
Often, this disease of pigs suffers from young growth. The first signals are a rise in temperature to 41-42 °, diarrhea with feces of earthy almost black color. In young animals, the disease lasts for 2-5 days, recovery is rare, adult pets are ill for 2 weeks and often recover. Treatment of dysentery of pigs reduces to a course of antibiotics, correction of the portion of nutrition, the use of phytopreparations to alleviate the symptoms of diarrhea and reduce dehydration. For prevention, pig pens are disinfected.
Swine Gleaser disease
Infectious disease Glessera occurs with inflammation of the mucous membranes and joints. Infection with a serotype rod is carried out by air, cold and wet rooms favor it. Diagnosis of diseases of pigs Glessera is made on the basis of bacterial tests and clinical signals - high body temperature, decreased appetite, tenderness of the abdominal wall, as a result of which animals move, arching their back, sometimes a cough begins. Antibiotics, some of the animals are saved from death, but they remain weak and lag behind in development.
Mastitis in pigs
Inflammation of the breast or mastitis occurs in sows at first after farrowing due to injuries, wounds, hypothermia, infection with cali, staphylococcus, staphylococcus. Individuals show swelling, redness, and soreness of the udder. The diagnosis is established based on the analysis of milk samples. When mastitis in pigs, treatment is reduced to the use of antibiotics and cortichosteroids, replacement of litter, the imposition of alcohol compresses on the glands. Oxytocin is injected into the female to avoid milk stagnation.
Atrophic rhinitis of pigs
The causative agent of this disease has not yet been identified. In rhinitis, the sinuses suffer, and the jaw of the pet is deformed. Piglets sneeze, rubbing patches about objects, a liquid flows from the nose, which dries up and forms crusts. Patients badly eat and lag behind in growth, treat them with antibiotics. Great importance for prevention is the sowing of sows on the pasture and their quality feeding. Prevent the disease of domestic pigs rhinitis is possible with the treatment of young livestock antibiotics in combination with vitamins.
Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia pigs
Often, common swine diseases affect the respiratory system. Pleuropneumonia is characterized by the progression of pneumonia and pleurisy, manifested by fever, coughing, nosebleeds, dyspnea. Pets lose weight, can not get up. In the acute course of the individual, seizures and suffocation die in a fit. Antibiotic treatment is productive at the initial stage of the disease of pleuropneumonia in pigs, helps to reduce the mortality of livestock. Injections are attributed to both sick animals and those who were in contact with them.
Transmissible gastroenteritis of pigs
The cause of the appearance of the disease is the virus in poor-quality food and water. Gastroenteritis of pigs is manifested by loss of strength, loss of appetite, frequent vomiting, severe diarrhea, mucous membranes pale, and body temperature drops. Young animals survive rarely until 14 days. There are no effective therapeutic agents, for the treatment use drugs aimed at fighting with dehydration, antibiotics suppress pathogenic microflora. The livestock is kept warm, glucose and electrolytes are given.
Diseases of pigs - prevention
To obtain healthy, highly productive animals, preventive measures should be taken:
- The territory of the economy should be fenced with ditches, before the entrance lay dezokovikiki with disinfection liquid.
- Workers on the farm are required to use special clothing, in which it is impossible to go beyond it.
- To prevent non-contagious ailments of the respiratory tract and gastritis, sharp changes in temperature, drafts, high humidity in the crust are prevented, moldy, frozen, rotten fodders can not be fed.
- For de-worming, sodium carbonate, piperazine, and cattle are irrigated with disinfecting compounds in each production cycle.
- Infectious diseases of pigs are the most dangerous, the population is protected by the main vaccines:
- at the age of 30 days - from salmonellosis and pasteurellosis: PPD 3-4 ml, after 5 days - 4-5 ml; ATP 2 ml - the first microdose, after 7 days - 2 ml the second microdose, revaccination after 60 days 4 ml;
- 40-45 diurnal piglets are inoculated against the plague, repeated at the age of 3 months, adult animals are injected once;
- in 45 days they make an injection of vaccine VGNKI from leptospirosis, repeat - a week later;
- Immunolactone against foot and mouth disease, piercing 0.4 g of piglets to 3 months or 0.1 g per kg of body weight to mature individuals;
- at the age of 60-65 days - an antiserized vaccine, the piglets are injected with 0.3 ml and 0.5 ml at intervals of 14 days;
- The remaining types of vaccines are attributed to veterinarians to protect against probable animal diseases in the region.