Antibiotics are a group of natural and semi-synthetic organic substances that are capable of acting with destructive power on microbes, as well as preventing their reproduction. Now there is a wide variety of antibiotics that have different properties. Many of them are even banned for use, because they have increased toxicity. All antibiotics are divided into groups according to their chemical structure and action.
The main groups of antibiotics are:
- group of penicillins;
- group of cephalosporins;
- antibiotics of the macrolide group;
- antibiotics of the tetracycline group;
- antibiotics of the aminoglycoside group.
If you are prescribed strong drugs for treatment, after reading this article, you will be able to determine which group of antibiotics your drug belongs to, and how correctly it is assigned.
Antibiotics of the macrolide group
Antibiotics of the macrolide group are the least toxic to the human body. The drugs that are included in this group have antimicrobial, bacteriostatic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions. They are used for such diseases as sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, syphilis, diphtheria and periodontitis. If a person has a severe form of acne, toxoplasmosis or mycobacteriosis, then one of these drugs can be used.
Antibiotics of the macrolide group are strictly forbidden to people prone to allergic reactions. You can not take them during pregnancy, breast-feeding. Elderly people, as well as those who have heart disease, should be cautious about taking these medications.
Antibiotics of the penicillin group
To antibiotics of the penicillin group are those drugs that have the ability to withstand the emergence of bacterial cells, i.e. to prevent their growth and reproduction. Penicillins have very useful properties - they fight with infectious diseases, the causative agent of which is inside the cells of the body, and are harmless to the person who takes the medication. The most common drug from the antibiotic group of penicillin is "Amoxiclav." The shortcomings of the penicillin group include their rapid elimination from the body.
Antibiotics of the group of cephalosporins
Cephalosporins are part of a group of beta-lactam antibiotics and in structure resemble penicillin. Antibiotics of the cephalosporin group are used to treat many infectious diseases. These antibiotics have one very important advantage: they are fighting with those microbes that are resistant to penicillin. Antibiotics group cephalosporins are used for diseases of the respiratory tract, urinary system, various intestinal infections.
Antibiotics of the tetracycline group
The antibiotics of the tetracycline group include "Tetracycline", "Doxycycline", "Oxytetracycline", "Metacyclin". These drugs are used to fight bacteria. With prolonged use of antibiotics of the tetracycline group, it is possible to cause such side effects as
Antibiotics of the fluoroquinolones group
Antibiotics of the fluoroquinolone group are used for infectious diseases of the respiratory system, urinary organs, ENT organs and many other diseases. The antibiotics of this group include "Ofloxacin", "Norfloxacin", "Levofloxacin".
Antibiotics of the aminoglycoside group
Antibiotics of the aminoglycoside group are used to treat severe infections. They rarely cause an allergic reaction, but are very toxic.