Non-diabetes mellitus

Non-diabetes is a very rare chronic disease that affects young people (up to 25 years). It is associated with abnormalities in the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. In this regard, in the human body there is a shortage of antidiuretic hormone vasopressin.

Non-diabetes mellitus - diagnosis and symptoms

Signs of diabetes insipidus:

• The daily volume of urine is more than 3 liters and accounted for mainly at night;
• strong thirst and, as a result, a large consumption of water;
• dry skin;
• vomiting;
• nausea;
• convulsions;
• insomnia;
• decreased mental activity;
• apathy;
• lack of appetite;
• decreased sweating;
• Gastrointestinal problems;
• decreased sexual activity;
• headache;
• tachycardia.

With such pronounced symptoms, it is not difficult to diagnose a disease, in addition, studies are carried out:

• blood test;
• Analysis of urine;
• samples with dryness;
• X-ray examination;
• MRI of the brain;
• psychoneurological examination;
• ophthalmologic examination.

It should be noted that sugar and diabetes insipidus can have similar symptoms, the difference is significant by the result of the tests. The specific gravity and density of urine in diabetes mellitus are increased, in addition, there is a high level of glucose. With diabetes insipidus, the density is reduced, and sugar is almost completely absent.

Causes of diabetes insipidus

1. Craniocerebral injury.
2. Hereditary diabetes insipidus.
3. Tumors of the brain.
4. Metastases in the brain.
5. Syphilis.
6. Disturbances in the work of the hypothalamic-pituitary system.
7. Kidney diseases.
8. Encephalitis.
9. Lack of perception of the hormone vasopressin by kidney cells.

Classification of diabetes insipidus

There are the following types:

1. Nephrogenic or renal insipid diabetes. It is characterized by impaired susceptibility of the kidney to an antidiuretic hormone.
2. Neurogenic or central diabetes insipidus. This type is associated either with a violation of vasopressin production, or with the hormone entering the blood due to malfunctioning of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.
3. Transit. Occurs in pregnant women, disappears after delivery. Treatment does not require.
4. Nervous. This diabetes insipidus is called an insipid syndrome and is caused by nervous overexertion. Disappears after samples with dryness.

Treatment of diabetes insipidus

First of all, treatment of diabetes insipidus is aimed at eradicating the cause of the disease. Further the doctor selects a complex of actions individually for each patient. The treatment regimen includes:

• taking anti-inflammatory drugs and diuretics.
• a diet with a restriction of the amount of protein and salt in the diet;
• substitution therapy;
• general restorative therapy.

Diet for diabetes insipidus

Special food should reduce thirst and, accordingly, the amount of urine per day. This will help to improve sleep and significantly improve your health. The diet is based on such principles:

• Reduce the amount of protein consumed, leaving the norm of carbohydrates and fats;
• reduce the salt concentration, reducing its intake to 5 g per day;
• food should consist mainly of vegetables and fruits;
• for quenching thirst to use natural juices, fruit drinks and compotes;
• use only lean meat;
• include in the diet of fish and seafood, egg yolks;
• take fish oil and phosphorus;
• often eat small portions.

Approximate daily menu:

Breakfast:

• omelet from yolks;
• low-fat cottage cheese with fruit;
• Herb tea.

Lunch:

• fruit salad;
• natural juice or jelly.

Dinner:

• vegetable soup;
• meat with vegetables (steam);
• fruit fruit drink.

Snack:

• baked apple with nuts;
• lemonade.

Dinner:

• low-fat steamed fish with vegetables;
• tea.