Hemorrhagic rash occurs when the blood capillaries rupture and the outlet of erythrocytes beyond the vessels. In most cases, the rash is not palpable, except for the inflammation of the walls of the vessels. From other similar rashes, hemorrhagic rash differs in that it does not turn pale and does not disappear when pressed. Appearance of the rash is due to the causes of its appearance, with various diseases it can have different sizes and colors. The rash can be in the form of thin strips, dots or large spots of red, purple, purple, blue or black. Small rashes are called petechiae, large spots are called purpura or ecchymosis. The most common is a hemorrhagic rash on the legs, which can make diagnosis difficult, since such a localization is characteristic of many diseases.
Regardless of the general condition and the presence of other signs of the disease, the appearance of hemorrhagic rash in both children and adults indicates the need for immediate hospitalization for first aid and to identify the causes of rashes.
Causes of hemorrhagic rash
The cause of hemorrhagic rash can be hereditary and infectious diseases, steroids, as well as various disorders that affect the blood vessels. Age changes can also lead to the appearance of hemorrhagic spots. A common cause of hemorrhagic rash in children under 5 years is the acute form of hemorrhagic vasculitis, microvessel disease. Hemorrhagic vasculitis, most often accompanied by hemorrhagic rash on the legs. Treatment is prescribed depending on the severity and form of the disease. As a rule, children during the treatment are under observation in the dispensary. With proper and timely treatment, the disease has a favorable outcome.
Similarly, when hemorrhagic rash occurs in children, hereditary diseases such as hemophilia and von Willebrand's disease should be eliminated. Hemophilia is characterized by the appearance of subcutaneous hematomas, and any injuries are accompanied by extensive internal and external bleeding. Mostly, hemophilia affects men. Disease von Willebrand leads to increased fragility of the capillaries, which causes the appearance of hemorrhage.
Such serious diseases as amyloidosis, Wegener's granulomatosis, thrombocytopenic purpura, are accompanied by various types of hemorrhagic rash, and require immediate treatment.
Hemosiderosis of the skin is also accompanied by the appearance of a rash, which changes color from red to yellow or brown after a period of time.
Among infectious diseases that cause hemorrhagic rash in children and adults, the most dangerous are the following:
- meningococcal infection characterized by solid stellate eruptions, in the center of which there may be signs of tissue death. Hemorrhagic rash on the face can be a formidable symptom of a severe course of the disease, which threatens the patient's life;
- scarlet fever, characterized by the appearance of pinpoint hemorrhages when squeezing the skin;
- Bites of ticks can cause hemorrhagic fever, which is accompanied by extensive rashes.
When hemorrhagic rash occurs, you should immediately consult a doctor and limit your mobility to diagnosis and hospitalization. In many cases, the first hours after the onset of rash, first aid is required, so there is no time to attempt self-treatment. When there is hemorrhagic rash in children, it is necessary to observe special care, even with normal health it is necessary to comply with bed rest before the arrival of a doctor.